Probing a dissipative phase transition with a trapped ion through reservoir engineering

Abstract

Dissipation is often considered as a detrimental effect in quantum systems for unitary quantum operations. However, it has been shown that suitable dissipation can be useful resources both in quantum information and quantum simulation. Here, we propose and experimentally simulate a dissipative phase transition (DPT) model using a single trapped ion with an engineered reservoir. We show that the ion's spatial oscillation mode reaches a steady state after the alternating application of unitary evolution under a quantum Rabi model Hamiltonian and sideband cooling of the oscillator. The average phonon number of the oscillation mode is used as the order parameter to provide evidence for the DPT. Our work highlights the suitability of trapped ions for simulating open quantum systems and shall facilitate further investigations of DPT with various dissipation terms.

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• Review: Quantum Metrology and Sensing with Many-Body Systems
• Criticality-enhanced Electric Field Gradient Sensor with Single Trapped Ions
• Multicritical dissipative phase transitions in the anisotropic open quantum Rabi model
• Dissecting Superradiant Phase Transition in the Quantum Rabi Model
• Exact steady state of quantum van der Pol oscillator: critical phenomena and enhanced metrology
• Emergence of Rich Dissipative Phases in the Anisotropic Quantum Rabi Model Driven by the $A^2$ Term
• Observation of photonic dynamics in dissipative quantum Rabi models