Assessing the Importance of Noise from Thermal Sunyaev-Zel{'}dovich Signals for CMB Cluster Surveys and Cluster Cosmology

Abstract

We explore the significance of noise from thermal Sunyaev-Zel{'}dovich (tSZ) signals for cluster detection using cosmic microwave background (CMB) surveys. The noise arises both from neighboring objects and also from haloes below the detection limit. A wide range of surveys are considered: SPT-SZ, SPTpol, and SPT-3G from the South Pole Telescope; SO-Baseline and SO-Goal configurations for Simons Observatory; CMB-S4's wide area (S4-Wide) and deep (S4-Ultra deep) surveys; and the futuristic CMB-HD experiment. We find that the noise from tSZ signals has a significant impact on CMB-HD and to some extent on S4-Ultra deep. For other experiments, the effect is negligible as the noise in the tSZ map is dominated by residual foregrounds or experimental noise. In the limit when the noise from tSZ signals is important, we find that removing the detected clusters and rerunning the cluster finder allows us to find a new set of less massive and distant clusters. Since the detected clusters are the dominant source of the tSZ power, removing them reduces the power at $\ell =3000$ by: $\times 5$ for CMB-HD; $\times 3.1$ of S4-Ultra deep; $\times 2.4$ for S4-Wide and SPT-3G; $\times 1.5$ for SO-Goal and SPTpol; $\times 1.35$ for SO-Baseline; and $\times 1.08$ for SPT-SZ. We forecast the expected number of clusters and also derive parameter constraints by combining cluster counts with primary CMB and tSZ power spectra finding that the future surveys can reduce the error on the dark energy equation of state parameter to sub-percent levels and can also enable $\ge 3\sigma$ detection of the sum of neutrino masses. The simulation products and results can be downloaded from https://github.com/sriniraghunathan/tSZ_cluster_forecasts.

16 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables; addressed minor comments from the reviewer; accepted for publication in ApJ; results can be download from https://github.com/sriniraghunathan/tSZ_cluster_forecasts

References in corpus (16)

• Galaxy Clusters Discovered via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect in the 2500-square-degree SPT-SZ survey
• CMB-S4 Science Case, Reference Design, and Project Plan
• SPT-3G: A Next-Generation Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization Experiment on the South Pole Telescope
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Catalog of > 4000 Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Galaxy Clusters
• A measurement of secondary cosmic microwave background anisotropies from the 2500-square-degree SPT-SZ survey
• Cosmological Constraints from DES Y1 Cluster Abundances and SPT Multi-wavelength data
• Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Cosmological Constraints from Cluster Abundances, Weak Lensing, and Galaxy Correlations
• CMB/kSZ and Compton-$y$ Maps from 2500 square degrees of SPT-SZ and Planck Survey Data
• Cosmological Constraints from Gas Mass Fractions of Massive, Relaxed Galaxy Clusters
• Fundamental Physics from Future Weak-Lensing Calibrated Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Galaxy Cluster Counts
• Sharpening the Precision of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Power Spectrum
• Bispectrum of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect
• Constraining Cluster Virialization Mechanism and Cosmology using Thermal-SZ-selected clusters from Future CMB Surveys
• The Sunyaev-Zeldovich Background
• Constraining cosmology with a new all-sky Compton parameter map from the Planck PR4 data
• Calibrating Cluster Number Counts with CMB lensing

Cited by in corpus (11)

• First Constraints on the Epoch of Reionization Using the non-Gaussianity of the Kinematic Sunyaev-Zel{'}dovich Effect from the South Pole Telescope and {\it Herschel}-SPIRE Observations
• Inference of gravitational lensing and patchy reionization with future CMB data
• Boundless baryons: how diffuse gas contributes to anisotropic tSZ signal around simulated Three Hundred clusters
• Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST) Science: Resolving the Hot and Ionized Universe through the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect
• Cool dark sector, concordance, and a low ${\sigma }_8$
• YOLO-CL cluster detection in the Rubin/LSST DC2 simulation
• Prospects for studying the mass and gas in protoclusters with future CMB observations
• Estimators for the cross-pairwise kSZ effect: forecasts for the dark energy and modified gravity parameters with Simons Observatory and CMB-S4
• Gravitational Wave Memory Imprints on the CMB from Populations of Massive Black Hole Mergers
• Cross-correlating the patchy screening and kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects as a new probe of reionization
• The Hydrostatic Mass Bias and the ${\sigma }_8$ Tension: A Multi-Probe Forecast for Stage-IV/V Surveys