Spectroscopic Evidence for a Three-Dimensional Charge Density Wave in Kagome Superconductor CsV${}_3$Sb${}_5$

Abstract

The recently discovered AV3Sb5 (A=K, Rb, Cs) family, possessing V kagome nets, has received considerable attention due to the topological electronic structure and intriguing correlated phenomena, including an exotic charge density wave (CDW) and superconductivity. Detailed electronic structure studies are essential to unravel the characteristics and origin of the CDW as well as its interplay with superconductivity. Here, we present angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements for CsV3Sb5 at multiple temperatures and photon energies to reveal the nature of the CDW from an electronic structure perspective. We present evidence for a three-dimensional (3D) CDW order. In the process we also pinpoint a surface state attributed to a Cs terminated surface. This state was previously attributed to band folding band due to a CDW along the c direction or a quantum well state from quantum confinement. The CDW expected 2-fold lattice reconstruction along c axis is observed to be a quadrupling of the unit cell, thus for the first time directly demonstrating the 3D nature of the CDW from the electronic structure perspective. Moreover, this 3D CDW configuration originates from two distinct types of distortions in adjacent kagome layers. These present results not only provide key insights into the nature of the unconventional CDW in CsV3Sb5 but also provides an important reference for further studies on the relationship between the CDW and superconductivity.

19 pages, 4 figures

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• Nodeless electron pairing in CsV${}_3$Sb${}_5$-derived kagome superconductors
• Loop currents in $A$V${}_3$Sb${}_5$ kagome metals: multipolar and toroidal magnetic orders
• Superconductivity from repulsive interactions on the kagome lattice
• Unconventional superconductivity protected from disorder on the kagome lattice
• Impact of Sb degrees of freedom on the charge density wave phase diagram of the kagome metal CsV${}_3$Sb${}_5$
• Surface-termination-dependent electronic states in kagome superconductors AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs) studied by micro-ARPES
• Direct Observation of Collective Modes of the Charge Density Wave in the Kagome Metal CsV${}_3$Sb${}_5$
• Kagome metals
• Glass-like Cross-plane Thermal Conductivity of Kagome Metals RbV3Sb5 and CsV3Sb5
• Enhanced nematicity emerging from higher-order van Hove singularities
• Dynamical decoding of the competition between charge density waves in a kagome superconductor
• Two elementary band representation model, Fermi surface nesting, and surface topological superconductivity in $A$V${}_3$Sb${}_5$ ($A=\text{K, Rb, Cs}$)
• Observation of Fermi-surface-dependent anisotropic Cooper pairing in kagome superconductor CsV3Sb5
• Coherent Phonon Pairs and Rotational Symmetry Breaking of Charge Density Wave Order in the Kagome Superconductor CsV${}_3$Sb${}_5$
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