Exploring compact binary populations with the Einstein Telescope

Abstract

The Einstein Telescope (ET), a wide-band, future third generation gravitational wave detector, is expected to have detection rates of $\sim 10^5-10^6$ binary black hole (BBH) detections and $\sim 7\times 10^4$ binary neutron star (BNS) detections in one year. The coalescence of compact binaries with a total mass of 20 - 100 $M_{\odot }$, typical of BH-BH or BH-NS binaries, will be visible up to redshift $z\approx 20$ and even higher, thus facilitating the understanding of the dark era of the Universe preceding the birth of the first stars. The ET will therefore be a crucial instrument for population studies. We analysed the compact binaries originating in stars from (i) Population (Pop) I+II, (ii) Pop III, and (iii) globular clusters (GCs), with the single ET instrument, using the ET-D design sensitivity for the analysis. We estimated the constraints on the chirp mass, redshift, and merger rate as function of redshift for these classes of compact object binaries. We conclude that the ET as a single instrument is capable of detecting and distinguishing different compact binary populations separated in chirp mass - redshift space. While compact binaries originating in stars from Pop III are clearly distinguishable, owing to the separation in chirp mass - redshift space, the other two populations, Pop I+II, and GCs, can be distinguished with just 500 detections, corresponding to an observation time of $\sim 1$ hr. The mass distribution characteristics of such different compact binary populations can also be estimated with the single ET instrument.

arXiv comment16 pages, 10 figures, Accepted in Astronomy & Astrophysics

References in corpus (56)

• On the variation of the Initial Mass Function
• Evolution of binary stars and the effect of tides on binary populations
• Comprehensive analytic formulae for stellar evolution as a function of mass and metallicity
• Mass-loss predictions for O and B stars as a function of metallicity
• A statistical study of 233 pulsar proper motions
• Exploring the Sensitivity of Next Generation Gravitational Wave Detectors
• Science Case for the Einstein Telescope
• Sensitivity Studies for Third-Generation Gravitational Wave Observatories
• Compact Remnant Mass Function: Dependence on the Explosion Mechanism and Metallicity
• A Comprehensive Study of Binary Compact Objects as Gravitational Wave Sources: Evolutionary Channels, Rates, and Physical Properties
• Compact Object Modeling with the StarTrack Population Synthesis Code
• Cosmological implications of baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements
• Data analysis of gravitational-wave signals from spinning neutron stars. I. The signal and its detection
• FINDCHIRP: an algorithm for detection of gravitational waves from inspiraling compact binaries
• On The Maximum Mass of Stellar Black Holes
• On the metallicity dependence of Wolf-Rayet winds
• The evolutionary roads leading to low effective spins, high black hole masses, and O1/O2 rates of LIGO/Virgo binary black holes
• MOCCA-SURVEY Database I: Coalescing Binary Black Holes Originating From Globular Clusters
• Stellar Collisions During Binary-Binary and Binary-Single Star Interactions
• Radiation Backgrounds at Cosmic Dawn: X-Rays from Compact Binaries
• Eccentric Black Hole Mergers Forming in Globular Clusters
• Post-Newtonian Dynamics in Dense Star Clusters: Highly-Eccentric, Highly-Spinning, and Repeated Binary Black Hole Mergers
• Post-Newtonian Dynamics in Dense Star Clusters: Formation, Masses, and Merger Rates of Highly-Eccentric Black Hole Binaries
• The Time Scale of Escape from Star Clusters
• Zero-metallicity stars I. Evolution at constant mass
• Modeling Dense Star Clusters in the Milky Way and Beyond with the $\text{CMC}$ Cluster Catalog
• Cosmology with the lights off: Standard sirens in the Einstein Telescope era
• Early Cosmological HII/HeIII Regions and Their Impact on Second-Generation Star Formation
• A Gravitational Wave Detector with Cosmological Reach
• On the stability of very massive primordial stars
• The cooling of shock-compressed primordial gas
• Constraining the Statistics of Population III Binaries
• MOCCA Code for Star Cluster Simulations - II. Comparison with N-body Simulations
• A Mock Data Challenge for the Einstein Gravitational-Wave Telescope
• Binary inspiral, gravitational radiation, and cosmology
• MOCCA code for star cluster simulations - I. Blue Stragglers, first results
• MOCCA-SURVEY Database I: Galactic Globular Clusters Harbouring a Black Hole Subsystem
• The Cosmic Evolution of Binary Black Holes in Young, Globular and Nuclear Star Clusters: Rates, Masses, Spins and Mixing Fractions
• On the likelihood of detecting gravitational waves from Population III compact object binaries
• Population III.1 and III.2 gamma-Ray Bursts: Constraints on the event rate for future radio and X-ray surveys
• MOCCA-SURVEY Database I: Eccentric Black Hole Mergers During Binary-Single Interactions In Globular Clusters
• Detection of IMBHs with ground-based gravitational wave observatories: A biography of a binary of black holes, from birth to death
• Pulsational Pair-instability Supernovae. I. Pre-collapse Evolution and Pulsational Mass Ejection
• Cosmology and dark energy from joint gravitational wave-GRB observations
• Exploring intermediate and massive black-hole binaries with the Einstein Telescope
• Monte Carlo simulations of star clusters - II. Tidally limited, multi-mass systems with stellar evolution
• Two Epochs of Globular Cluster Formation from Deep Fields Luminosity Functions: Implications for Reionization and the Milky Way Satellites
• Beyond the Second Generation of Laser-Interferometric Gravitational Wave Observatories
• Second Einstein Telescope Mock Science Challenge : Detection of the GW Stochastic Background from Compact Binary Coalescences
• An analytical approximation of the luminosity distance in flat cosmologies with a cosmological constant
• Intermediate-mass-ratio-inspirals in the Einstein Telescope. II. Parameter estimation errors
• Intermediate-mass-ratio-inspirals in the Einstein Telescope: I. Signal-to-noise ratio calculations
• Formation, disruption and energy output of Population III X-ray binaries
• Merger rate density of stellar-mass binary black holes from young massive clusters, open clusters, and isolated binaries: comparisons with LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA results
• MOCCA Survey Database: Extra Galactic Globular Clusters. I. Method and first results
• Constraining parameters of coalescing stellar mass binary black hole systems with the Einstein Telescope alone

Cited by in corpus (16)

• Science with the Einstein Telescope: a comparison of different designs
• The Science of the Einstein Telescope
• Binary black hole mergers from Population III stars: uncertainties from star formation and binary star properties
• Searching for Primordial Black Holes with the Einstein Telescope: impact of design and systematics
• Future prospects on testing extensions to $\Lambda$CDM through the weak lensing of gravitational waves
• Enabling multi-messenger astronomy with continuous gravitational waves: early warning and sky localization of binary neutron stars in Einstein Telescope
• Detection of Einstein Telescope gravitational wave signals from binary black holes using deep learning
• Compact Objects in close orbits as Gravitational Wave Sources: Formation Scenarios and Properties
• Classifying binary black holes from Population III stars with the Einstein Telescope: A machine-learning approach
• Impact of gravitational waveform model systematics on the measurement of the Hubble constant
• Forecast Analysis of Astrophysical Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background beyond general relativity: A Case Study on Brans-Dicke Gravity
• Constraining parameters of low mass merging compact binary systems with Einstein Telescope alone
• Reconstructing the star formation rate for compact binary populations with the Einstein telescope
• Impact of facility timing and coordination for next-generation gravitational-wave detectors
• Classification of $g$-modes for neutron stars with a strong transition: Novel universal relation including slow stable hybrid stars
• Observational Biases and Improved Modelling of Off-axis Relativistic Jets