Classification of multiple arbitrary-order non-Hermitian singularities

Abstract

We demonstrate general classifications of Riemann surface topology generated by multiple arbitrary-order exceptional points of quasi-stationary states. Our studies reveal all possible product permutations of holonomy matrices that describe a stroboscopic encircling of 2nd order exceptional points. The permutations turn out to be categorized into a finite number of classes according to the topological structures of the Riemann surfaces. We further show that the permutation classes can be derived from combinations of cyclic building blocks associated with higher-order exceptional points. Our results are verified by an effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonian founded on generic Jordan forms and then examined in physical systems of desymmetrized optical microcavities.

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• Fragmented exceptional points and their bulk and edge realizations in lattice models
• Pseudo-Hermitian Topology of Multiband Non-Hermitian Systems
• Complex energy structures of exceptional point pairs in two level systems
• Non-orientable Exceptional Points in Twisted Boundary Systems
• Fast recovery of parametric eigenvalues depending on several parameters and location of high order exceptional points