Theory of Berry Singularity Markers: Diagnosing Topological Phase Transitions via Lock-In Tomography

Abstract

This work brings forward an alternative approach for inferring the topological character of phase transitions in insulators. The method relies on subjecting the system of interest to a set of external fields which consist of two parts, i.e., a weak spatiotemporally slowly-varying component on top of a constant offset. This process maps the Berry singularities dictating the bulk band structure of the insulator to a synthetic space spanned by the control parameters of the external fields. By measuring the response of the system to the weak part of the perturbations, when these are additionally chosen to form spacetime textures, one can construct a quantity that is here-termed Berry singularity marker (BSM). The BSM enables the Berry singularity detection as it becomes nonzero only in the close vicinity of a Berry singularity and is equal to its charge. Moreover, near the Berry singularities, the BSM encodes the quantum metric tensor of the system. An advantage of the present method is that it can be implemented in a lock-in fashion, thus allowing to ``filter out'' disorder effects, therefore opening the door to the resilient diagnosis of topological phase transitions.

arXiv comment19 pages, 11 Figures, 2 Appendices; Several improvements throughout the entire text. None of the results and conclusions were modified. Submitted

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