Negative quasiprobabilities enhance phase estimation in quantum-optics experiment
arXiv:2111.01194 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.220504
Abstract
Operator noncommutation, a hallmark of quantum theory, limits measurement precision, according to uncertainty principles. Wielded correctly, though, noncommutation can boost precision. A recent foundational result relates a metrological advantage with negative quasiprobabilities -- quantum extensions of probabilities -- engendered by noncommuting operators. We crystallize the relationship in an equation that we prove theoretically and observe experimentally. Our proof-of-principle optical experiment features a filtering technique that we term partially postselected amplification (PPA). Using PPA, we measure a waveplate's birefringent phase. PPA amplifies, by over two orders of magnitude, the information obtained about the phase per detected photon. In principle, PPA can boost the information obtained from the average filtered photon by an arbitrarily large factor. The filter's amplification of systematic errors, we find, bounds the theoretically unlimited advantage in practice. PPA can facilitate any phase measurement and mitigates challenges that scale with trial number, such as proportional noise and detector saturation. By quantifying PPA's metrological advantage with quasiprobabilities, we reveal deep connections between quantum foundations and precision measurement.
5 pages, 4 figures in main text; 8 pages, 1 figure in appendices
References in corpus (16)
- Randomized Benchmarking of Quantum Gates
- Ultrasensitive Beam Deflection Measurement via Interferometric Weak Value Amplification
- Complex weak values in quantum measurement
- Anomalous Weak Values Are Proofs of Contextuality
- Optimizing the Signal to Noise Ratio of a Beam Deflection Measurement with Interferometric Weak Values
- Precision frequency measurements with interferometric weak values
- Non-equilibrium quantum fluctuations of work
- Jarzynski-like equality for the out-of-time-ordered correlator
- Weak Value Amplification Can Outperform Conventional Measurement in the Presence of Detector Saturation
- Quantum theory of successive projective measurements
- Power-recycled weak-value-based metrology
- Anomalous Weak Values and the Violation of a Multiple-measurement Leggett-Garg Inequality
- How quantum paradoxes originate from the non-classical statistics of physical properties related to each other by half-periodic transformations
- Post-Selection and Counterfactual Communication
- Measuring relational information between quantum states, and applications
- Quantum Learnability is Arbitrarily Distillable
Cited by in corpus (41)
- Kirkwood-Dirac quasiprobability approach to the statistics of incompatible observables
- Quantum circuits for measuring weak values, Kirkwood--Dirac quasiprobability distributions, and state spectra
- Properties and Applications of the Kirkwood-Dirac Distribution
- Quasiprobabilities in quantum thermodynamics and many-body systems
- SVD Entanglement Entropy
- Operational interpretation and estimation of quantum trace-norm asymmetry based on weak value measurement and some bounds
- Work statistics, quantum signatures and enhanced work extraction in quadratic fermionic models
- Quantum-enhanced metrology with network states
- Interferometry of quantum correlation functions to access quasiprobability distribution of work
- Non-Abelian transport distinguishes three usually equivalent notions of entropy production
- Kirkwood-Dirac representations beyond quantum states (and their relation to noncontextuality)
- Characterizing the geometry of the Kirkwood-Dirac positive states
- Theory of Compression Channels for Postselected Quantum Metrology
- Progress and Perspectives on Weak-value Amplification
- General quantum correlation from nonreal values of Kirkwood-Dirac quasiprobability over orthonormal product bases
- Nonclassical advantage in metrology established via quantum simulations of hypothetical closed timelike curves
- Agnostic Phase Estimation
- Dimension-independent weak value estimation via controlled SWAP operations
- Kirkwood-Dirac classical pure states
- Quantum speed limit for Kirkwood-Dirac quasiprobabilities
- Snapshotting Quantum Dynamics at Multiple Time Points
- On Kirkwood--Dirac quasiprobabilities and unravelings of quantum channel assigned to a tight frame
- Quasiprobability fluctuation theorem behind the spread of quantum information
- Multiparameter transmission estimation at the quantum Cramér-Rao limit on a cloud quantum computer
- Characterizing Kirkwood-Dirac nonclassicality and uncertainty diagram based on discrete Fourier transform
- Energetics of Fano coherence generation
- Postselected amplification applied to Mach-Zehnder-interferometer for phase shift measurement of optical coherent states
- Weak force sensing based on optical parametric amplification in a cavity optomechanical system coupled in series with two oscillators
- Optimal transmission estimation with dark counts
- Quantum entanglement as an extremal Kirkwood-Dirac nonreality
- Separation of measurement uncertainty into quantum and classical parts based on Kirkwood-Dirac quasiprobability and generalized entropy
- Optimizing single-photon quantum radar detection through partially postselected filtering
- Geometry of Kirkwood-Dirac classical states: A case study based on discrete Fourier transform
- Contextual quantum metrology
- Contextuality Can be Verified with Noncontextual Experiments
- Optical phase estimation via homodyne measurement in the presence of saturation effect of photodetectors
- Quantum Measurement Encoding for Quantum Metrology
- Orthogonalization speed-up from quantum coherence after a sudden quench
- Quantum Uncertainty Dynamics
- Almost no experiments have classical Kirkwood-Dirac representations
- Characterization of Generalized Coherent States through Intensity-Field Correlations