Quantum-enhanced metrology with network states

Abstract

Armed with quantum correlations, quantum sensors in a network have shown the potential to outclass their classical counterparts in distributed sensing tasks such as clock synchronization and reference frame alignment. On the other hand, this analysis was done for simple and idealized networks, whereas the correlation shared within a practical quantum network, captured by the notion of network states, is much more complex. Here, we prove a general bound that limits the performance of using quantum network states to estimate a global parameter, establishing the necessity of genuine multipartite entanglement for achieving a quantum advantage. The bound can also serve as an entanglement witness in networks and can be generalized to states generated by shallow circuits. Moreover, while our bound prohibits local network states from achieving the Heisenberg limit, we design a probabilistic protocol that, once successful, attains this ultimate limit of quantum metrology and preserves the privacy of involved parties. Our work establishes both the limitation and the possibility of quantum metrology within quantum networks.

5 pages, 2 figures + appendix; close to the published version

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• Exact Quantum Fisher Matrix Results for Distributed Phases Using Multiphoton Polarization Greenberger Horne Zeilinger States
• Quantum network-entanglement measures
• Quantum Advantage in Distributed Sensing with Noisy Quantum Networks
• Superiority of Krylov shadow tomography in estimating quantum Fisher information: From bounds to exactness
• Features of preparable entangled states in Gaussian quantum networks
• Tilt-Induced Localization in Interacting Bose-Einstein Condensates for Quantum Sensing
• Optimal transfer of entanglement in oscillator chains in non-Markovian open systems
• Compression of quantum shallow-circuit states
• Informationally Complete Distributed Metrology Without a Shared Reference Frame