Benchmarking Information Scrambling

Abstract

Information scrambling refers to the rapid spreading of initially localized information over an entire system, via the generation of global entanglement. This effect is usually detected by measuring a temporal decay of the out-of-time order correlators. However, in experiments, decays of these correlators suffer from fake positive signals from various sources, e.g., decoherence due to inevitable couplings to the environment, or errors that cause mismatches between the purported forward and backward evolutions. In this work, we provide a simple and robust approach to single out the effect of genuine scrambling. This allows us to benchmark the scrambling process by quantifying the degree of the scrambling from the noisy backgrounds.

v2: published version; added new simulations on IBM quantum computers

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Cited by in corpus (16)

• Quantum circuits for measuring weak values, Kirkwood--Dirac quasiprobability distributions, and state spectra
• Properties and Applications of the Kirkwood-Dirac Distribution
• Imaginary components of out-of-time correlators and information scrambling for navigating the learning landscape of a quantum machine learning model
• Measuring out-of-time-ordered correlation functions without reversing time evolution
• Scaling laws of the out-of-time-order correlators at the transition to the spontaneous $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetry breaking in a Floquet system
• Information scrambling -- a quantum thermodynamic perspective
• Protocols for classically training quantum generative models on probability distributions
• Extracting randomness from magic quantum states
• The Limits of Quantum Information Scrambling
• Quantum algorithm for evaluating operator size with Bell measurements
• Quantum feedback induced entanglement relaxation and dynamical phase transition in monitored free fermion chains with Wannier-Stark ladder
• Information scrambling and entanglement in quantum approximate optimization algorithm circuits
• Recovery of damaged information via scrambling in indefinite casual order
• Non-stabilizerness and entanglement from cat-state injection
• Quantum speed limit for the OTOC from an open systems perspective
• Equilibration of Non-interacting Photons and Quantum Signatures of Chaos