Ultrafast renormalization of the onsite Coulomb repulsion in a cuprate superconductor

Abstract

Ultrafast lasers are an increasingly important tool to control and stabilize emergent phases in quantum materials. Among a variety of possible excitation protocols, a particularly intriguing route is the direct light-engineering of microscopic electronic parameters, such as the electron hopping and the local Coulomb repulsion (Hubbard $U$). In this work, we use time-resolved x-ray absorption spectroscopy to demonstrate the light-induced renormalization of the Hubbard $U$ in a cuprate superconductor, La${}_{1.905}$Ba${}_{0.095}$CuO${}_4$. We show that intense femtosecond laser pulses induce a substantial redshift of the upper Hubbard band, while leaving the Zhang-Rice singlet energy unaffected. By comparing the experimental data to time-dependent spectra of single- and three-band Hubbard models, we assign this effect to a $\sim 140$ meV reduction of the onsite Coulomb repulsion on the copper sites. Our demonstration of a dynamical Hubbard $U$ renormalization in a copper oxide paves the way to a novel strategy for the manipulation of superconductivity, magnetism, as well as to the realization of other long-range-ordered phases in light-driven quantum materials.

13 pages, 7 figures

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• Glassy dynamics of the one-dimensional Mott insulator excited by a strong terahertz pulse
• Distinguishing and controlling Mottness in 1T-TaS${}_2$ by ultrafast light
• Local interpretation of time-resolved X-ray absorption in Mott insulators: Insights from nonequilibrium dynamical mean-field theory
• Dynamical phase transitions in the photodriven charge-ordered Dirac-electron system
• Table-top soft x-ray source for XAS experiments with photon energies up to 350 eV
• A set-up for Hard X-ray Time-resolved Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering at SwissFEL
• Measuring the ultrafast screening of $U$ in photo-excited charge-transfer insulators with time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy
• Nonequilibrium DMFT approach to time-resolved Raman spectroscopy
• Time-resolved X-ray Spectroscopy from the Atomic Orbital Ground State Up
• 4$f$ electron temperature driven ultrafast electron localization
• Dynamic charge order from strong correlations in the cuprates
• Optical detection of bond-dependent and frustrated spin in the two-dimensional cobalt-based honeycomb antiferromagnet Cu3Co2SbO6
• Subcycle tomography of quantum light
• Orbital-selective time-domain signature of nematicity dynamics in the charge-density-wave phase of La${}_{1.65}$Eu${}_{0.2}$Sr${}_{0.15}$CuO${}_4$
• Signatures of Floquet Engineering in the proximal Kitaev Quantum Spin Liquid H${}_3$LiIr${}_2$O${}_6$ by tr-RIXS
• Dynamical correlations and nonequilibrium sum rules in photodoped Hubbard ladders
• Ultrafast charge-transfer dynamics in Ca${}_2$CuO${}_2$Cl${}_2$ from time-resolved optical reflectivity
• Recent Progress in Ultrafast Dynamics of Transition-Metal Compounds Studied by Time-Resolved X-ray Techniques
• High Harmonic Tracking of Ultrafast Electron Dynamics across the Mott to Charge Density Wave Phase Transition