A Systematic Study of Projection Biases in Weak Lensing Analysis

Abstract

We present a systematic study of projection biases in the weak lensing analysis of the first year of data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) experiment. In the analysis we used a $\Lambda$CDM model and three two-point correlation functions. We show that these biases are a consequence of projecting, or marginalizing, over parameters like $h$, ${\Omega }_b$, $n_s$ and ${\Omega }_{\nu }{h}^2$ that are both poorly constrained and correlated with the parameters of interest like ${\Omega }_m$, ${\sigma }_8$ and $S_8$. Covering the relevant parameter space we show that the projection biases are a function of where the true values of the poorly constrained parameters lie with respect to the parameter priors. For example, biases in the position of the posteriors can exceed the 1.5$\sigma$ level if the true values of $h$ and $n_s$ are close to the top of the prior's range and the true values of ${\Omega }_b$ and ${\Omega }_{\nu }{h}^2$ are close to the bottom of the range of their priors. We also show that in some cases the 1D credible intervals can be over-specified by as much as 30% and coverage can be as low as 27%. Finally we estimate these projection biases for the analysis of three and six years worth of DES data.

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• Dark energy constraints from cosmic shear power spectra: impact of intrinsic alignments on photometric redshift requirements
• Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Cosmology from Cosmic Shear and Robustness to Data Calibration
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Cited by in corpus (3)

• DES Y3 + KiDS-1000: Consistent cosmology combining cosmic shear surveys
• Informed total-error-minimizing priors: Interpretable cosmological parameter constraints despite complex nuisance effects
• A systematic study of projection biases in the Weak Lensing analysis of cosmic shear and the combination of galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing