Principles of spintronic THz emitters

Abstract

Significant progress has been made in answering fundamental questions about how and, more importantly, on what time scales interactions between electrons, spins, and phonons occur in solid state materials. These complex interactions are leading to the first real applications of terahertz (THz) spintronics: THz emitters that can compete with traditional THz sources and provide additional functionalities enabled by the spin degree of freedom. This tutorial article is intended to provide the background necessary to understand, use, and improve THz spintronic emitters. A particular focus is the introduction of the physical effects that underlie the operation of spintronic THz emitters. These effects were, for the most part, first discovered through traditional spin-transport and spintronic studies. We therefore begin with a review of the historical background and current theoretical understanding of ultrafast spin physics that has been developed over the past twenty-five years. We then discuss standard experimental techniques for the characterization of spintronic THz emitters and - more broadly - ultrafast magnetic phenomena. We next present the principles and methods of the synthesis and fabrication of various types of spintronic THz emitters. Finally, we review recent developments in this exciting field including the integration of novel material platforms such as topological insulators as well as antiferromagnets and materials with unconventional spin textures.

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• Magnetic field dependence of antiferromagnetic resonance in NiO
• Simulation of Hot-Carrier Dynamics and Terahertz Emission in Laser-Excited Metallic Bilayers
• THz pulses from optically excited Fe, Pt and Ta based Spintronic Heterostructures
• Terahertz Emission From an Exchange-Coupled Synthetic Antiferromagnet
• Magnon versus electron mediated spin-transfer torque exerted by spin currents across antiferromagnetic insulator to switch magnetization of adjacent ferromagnetic metal
• Tunnel magnetoresistance angular and bias dependence enabling tuneable wireless communication
• Spin polarisation by current

Cited by in corpus (19)

• Spintronic Sources of Ultrashort Terahertz Electromagnetic Pulses
• Transition of laser-induced terahertz spin currents from torque- to conduction-electron-mediated transport
• Spin-voltage-driven efficient terahertz spin currents from the magnetic Weyl semimetals Co${}_2$MnGa and Co${}_2$MnAl
• Light and microwave driven spin pumping across FeGaB-BiSb interface
• Maximizing the electromagnetic efficiency of spintronic terahertz emitters
• Strong coupling between a topological insulator and a III-V heterostructure at terahertz frequency
• Quantum-classical approach to spin and charge pumping and the ensuing radiation in THz spintronics: Example of ultrafast-light-driven Weyl antiferromagnet Mn${}_3$Sn
• Controlling polarization of spintronic THz emitter by remanent magnetization texture
• Phonon-mediated strong coupling between a three-dimensional topological insulator and a two-dimensional antiferromagnetic material
• Hybrid terahertz emitter for pulse shaping and chirality control
• Enhanced laser-induced single-cycle terahertz generation in a spintronic emitter with a gradient interface
• Ultrafast Electron Temperature Dynamics in Spintronic Terahertz Emitters Studied by Optical-Pump Terahertz-Probe Spectroscopy
• Effective Magnetic Switching of THz Signal in Planar Structured Spintronic Emitters
• Laser-driven few-cycle Terahertz sources with high average power
• Gilbert damping in two-dimensional metallic anti-ferromagnets
• High-efficiency Pt${}_{75}$Au${}_{25}$-based spintronic terahertz emitters
• Metrics for spin-based computing
• Light-induced ultrafast magnetization dynamics in van der Waals antiferromagnetic CrSBr
• Optimizing spin-based terahertz emission from magnetic heterostructures