Fluxoid-induced pairing suppression and near-zero modes in quantum dots coupled to full-shell nanowires

Abstract

We analyze the subgap excitations and phase diagram of a quantum dot (QD) coupled to a semiconducting nanowire fully wrapped by a superconducting (S) shell. We take into account how a Little-Parks (LP) pairing fluxoid (a winding in the S phase around the shell) influences the proximity effect on the dot. We find that under axially symmetric QD-S coupling, shell fluxoids cause the induced pairing to vanish, producing instead a level renormalization that pushes subgap levels closer to zero energy and flattens fermionic parity crossings as the coupling strength increases. This fluxoid-induced stabilization mechanism has analoges in symmetric S-QD-S Josephson junctions at phase $\pi$, and can naturally lead to patterns of near-zero modes weakly dispersing with parameters in all but the zero-th lobe of the LP spectrum.

arXiv comment17 pages, 8 figures. v2: final version with a new figure

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• Phenomenology of Majorana zero modes in full-shell hybrid nanowires
• Josephson effect and critical currents in trivial and topological full-shell hybrid nanowires
• Absence of Majorana oscillations in finite-length full-shell hybrid nanowires
• Subgap transport in superconductor--semiconductor hybrid islands: Weak and strong coupling regimes
• InP/GaSb core-shell nanowires: a novel hole-based platform with strong spin-orbit coupling for full-shell hybrid devices
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• Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon Analogs in Full-Shell Hybrid Nanowires
• Fluxoid valve effect in full-shell nanowire Josephson junctions
• Fluxoid solitons in superconducting tapered tubes and bottlenecks
• Absence of Quasi-Majorana False Positives in Full-Shell Hybrid Nanowires