SoFiA 2 -- An automated, parallel HI source finding pipeline for the WALLABY survey
arXiv:2106.15789 · doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1881
Abstract
We present SoFiA 2, the fully automated 3D source finding pipeline for the WALLABY extragalactic HI survey with the Australian SKA Pathfinder (ASKAP). SoFiA 2 is a reimplementation of parts of the original SoFiA pipeline in the C programming language and makes use of OpenMP for multi-threading of the most time-critical algorithms. In addition, we have developed a parallel framework called SoFiA-X that allows the processing of large data cubes to be split across multiple computing nodes. As a result of these efforts, SoFiA 2 is substantially faster and comes with a much reduced memory footprint compared to its predecessor, thus allowing the large WALLABY data volumes of hundreds of gigabytes of imaging data per epoch to be processed in real-time. The source code has been made publicly available to the entire community under an open-source licence. Performance tests using mock galaxies injected into genuine ASKAP data suggest that in the absence of significant imaging artefacts SoFiA 2 is capable of achieving near-100% completeness and reliability above an integrated signal-to-noise ratio of about 5-6. We also demonstrate that SoFiA 2 generally recovers the location, integrated flux and w20 line width of galaxies with high accuracy. Other parameters, including the peak flux density and w50 line width, are more strongly biased due to the influence of the noise on the measurement. In addition, very faint galaxies below an integrated signal-to-noise ratio of about 10 may get broken up into multiple components, thus requiring a strategy to identify fragmented sources and ensure that they do not affect the integrity of any scientific analysis based on the SoFiA 2 output.
16 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRAS
References in corpus (18)
- The Atlas3D project -- XIII. Mass and morphology of HI in early-type galaxies as a function of environment
- Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder: I. System Description
- SoFiA: a flexible source finder for 3D spectral line data
- WALLABY -- An SKA Pathfinder HI Survey
- Color-selected galaxies at z~6 in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey
- Candidates of z ~ 5.5--7 Galaxies in the HST Ultra Deep Field
- Duchamp: a 3D source finder for spectral-line data
- Source-finding for the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder
- The busy function: a new analytic function for describing the integrated 21-cm spectral profile of galaxies
- The CO Tully-Fisher Relation and Implications for the Host Galaxies of High-Redshift Quasars
- A high-resolution mosaic of the neutral hydrogen in the M81 triplet
- APERTIF, a focal plane array for the WSRT
- Using negative detections to estimate source finder reliability
- A blind HI survey in the Canes Venatici region
- CHILES VI: HI and H Observations for z < 0.1 Galaxies; Probing HI Spin Alignment with Filaments in the Cosmic Web
- Comparison of potential ASKAP HI survey source finders
- The Characterised Noise Hi source finder: Detecting Hi galaxies using a novel implementation of matched filtering
- 2D-1D Wavelet Reconstruction As A Tool For Source Finding In Spectroscopic Imaging Surveys
Cited by in corpus (83)
- The FAST all sky HI survey (FASHI): The first release of catalog
- WALLABY Pilot Survey: Public release of HI data for almost 600 galaxies from phase 1 of ASKAP pilot observations
- MHONGOOSE -- A MeerKAT Nearby Galaxy HI Survey
- GASKAP-HI Pilot Survey Science I: ASKAP Zoom Observations of HI Emission in the Small Magellanic Cloud
- Deep Investigation of Neutral Gas Origins (DINGO): HI stacking experiments with early science data
- WALLABY Pilot Survey: HI gas disc truncation and star formation of galaxies falling into the Hydra I cluster
- HiFAST: an HI data calibration and imaging pipeline for FAST
- WALLABY Pilot Survey: HI in the host galaxy of a Fast Radio Burst
- WALLABY Pre-Pilot Survey: The effects of tidal interaction on radial distribution of color in galaxies of the Eridanus supergroup
- WALLABY Pilot Survey: the Potential Polar Ring Galaxies NGC~4632 and NGC~6156
- MIGHTEE-HI: The first MeerKAT HI mass function from an untargeted interferometric survey
- The Westerbork Coma Survey: A blind, deep, high-resolution HI survey of the Coma cluster
- CO(=1-0) mapping survey of 64 galaxies in the Fornax cluster with the ALMA Morita array
- WALLABY Pilot Survey: Public release of HI kinematic models for more than 100 galaxies from phase 1 of ASKAP pilot observations
- SKA Science Data Challenge 2: analysis and results
- WALLABY Pre-Pilot Survey: HI Content of the Eridanus Supergroup
- NGC 3314a/b and NGC 3312: Ram pressure stripping in Hydra I Cluster substructure
- ALMA/ACA CO Survey of the IC 1459 and NGC 4636 Groups: Environmental Effects on the Molecular Gas of Group Galaxies
- PHANGS-MeerKAT and MHONGOOSE HI observations of nearby spiral galaxies: physical drivers of the molecular gas fraction,
- WALLABY Pre-Pilot and Pilot Survey: the Tully Fisher Relation in Eridanus, Hydra, Norma and NGC4636 fields
- WALLABY pre-pilot survey: Two dark clouds in the vicinity of NGC 1395
- HALOGAS: Strong Constraints on the Neutral Gas Reservoir and Accretion Rate in Nearby Spiral Galaxies
- ViCTORIA project: MeerKAT HI observations of the ram pressure stripped galaxy NGC 4523
- HI Galaxy Signatures in the SARAO MeerKAT Galactic Plane Survey -- II. The Local Void and its substructure
- WALLABY Pre-Pilot Survey: The effects of angular momentum and environment on the HI gas and star formation properties of galaxies in the Eridanus supergroup
- Possible origins of anomalous HI gas around MHONGOOSE galaxy, NGC 5068
- MHONGOOSE discovery of a gas-rich low-surface brightness galaxy in the Dorado Group
- HI within and around observed and simulated galaxy discs -- Comparing MeerKAT observations with mock data from TNG50 and FIRE-2
- ASWDF: Census of the obscured star formation in a galaxy cluster in formation at
- Closing the feedback-feeding loop of the radio galaxy 3C 84
- Mapping HI 21-cm in the Klemola 31 group at z = 0.029: emission and absorption towards PKS2020-370
- Searching for HI around MHONGOOSE Galaxies via Spectral Stacking
- Extended neutral hydrogen filamentary network in NGC 2403
- Challenging interferometric imaging: Machine learning-based source localization from uv-plane observations
- ASymba: HI global profile asymmetries in the Simba simulation
- 3D Detection and Characterisation of ALMA Sources through Deep Learning
- WALLABY Pilot Survey: HI gas kinematics of galaxy pairs in cluster environment
- The host of GRB 171205A in 3D -- A resolved multiwavelength study of a rare grand-design spiral GRB host
- FEASTS Combined with Interferometry. III. The Low Column Density HI Around M51 and Possibility of Turbulent-mixing Gas Accretion
- WALLABY Pilot Survey: The diversity of HI structural parameters in nearby galaxies
- Photometry and kinematics of dwarf galaxies from the Apertif HI survey
- A serendipitous discovery of HI-rich galaxy groups with MeerKAT
- Measuring Galaxy Asymmetries in 3D
- The changing impact of radio jets as they evolve: The view from the cold gas
- Hydra I: An extensible multi-source-finder comparison and cataloguing tool
- ALMACAL XIII. Evolution of the CO luminosity function and the molecular gas mass density out to ~ 6
- Turbulent circumnuclear disc and cold gas outflow in the newborn radio source 4C 31.04
- Discovery of a damped Ly absorber originating in a spectacular interacting dwarf galaxy pair at
- A comparative study of source-finding techniques in HI emission line cubes using SoFiA, MTObjects, and supervised deep learning
- The technological and scientific development of ASKAP
- A [CII]-158-micron Survey of DLA galaxies at z~4: Observations of Dense and Metal-Enriched Neutral Gas within the Circumgalactic Medium of Star-Forming Galaxies
- Quasar radiation transforms the gas in a merging companion galaxy
- The FAST Ursa Major supergroup HI survey (FUMaS): catalog and HI mass function
- The Lyman Alpha Reference Sample. XVI. Global 21cm HI properties of Lyman- emitting galaxies
- MeerKAT view of Hickson Compact Groups:I. Data description and release
- iDaVIE v1.0: A virtual reality tool for interactive analysis of astronomical data cubes
- A MeerKAT study of a neutral hydrogen rich grouping of galaxies with megaparsec-scale filamentary-like structure
- AVID: Formation and evolution of a coalesced major merger of late-type dwarf galaxies (VCC 479) on the outskirts of the Virgo cluster
- On the completeness and reliability of visual source extraction : an examination of eight thousand data cubes by eye
- Uncovering Extraplanar Gas in UGCA 250 with the Ultra-deep MHONGOOSE Survey
- The MeerKAT Fornax Survey VI. The collapse of the galaxy HI Mass Function in Fornax
- Quantifying the detection likelihood of faint peaks in interferometric data through jackknifing: Test application on finding galaxy candidates
- Pearls on a string: Dark and bright galaxies on a strikingly straight and narrow filament
- Survey-scale discovery-based research processes: Evaluating a bespoke visualisation environment for astronomical survey data
- Ultra Diffuse Galaxies in clusters : the peculiar gas loss of VCC 1964
- MUSE-ALMA Haloes XIII. Molecular gas in HI-selected galaxies
- HI Content of Group Galaxies from the FAST All Sky HI Survey
- The MeerKAT Fornax Survey -- I. Survey description and first evidence of ram pressure in the Fornax galaxy cluster
- The supersonic nature of jellyfish galaxies
- Gas-rich dwarf galaxy multiples in the Apertif HI survey
- CHILES X: Molecular and atomic gas at intermediate redshift
- MeerKAT 21-cm HI imaging of Abell 2626 and beyond
- WALLABY Pilot Survey & ASymba: Comparing HI Detection Asymmetries to the SIMBA Simulation
- WALLABY Pilot Survey: HI source-finding with a machine learning framework
- A deep ALMA Band 3 survey of HDFS/MUSE3D: Survey description and initial results
- The FAST Hundred-Deg HI Deep (HD) Survey: Early Results from the Pilot Survey
- Recent Developments on the HI Gas of Low-Redshift Galaxies Seen by the 21cm Emission Lines
- HI gas in the rejuvenated radio galaxy PKS 2014-55
- Virtual Realities: Is there only one advanced image display that astronomers need?
- Detecting galaxies in a large H{\sc i}~spectral cube
- AVID: A Near-Major Post-Merger of Late-Type Dwarfs beneath a Regularly Rotating HI Disk (VCC 693)
- FEASTS and MHONGOOSE: HI Column Density Distribution at for
- HI Observations of Baryon-Dominated Dwarf Galaxy Candidates