Diquark properties from full QCD lattice simulations

Abstract

We study diquarks on the lattice in the background of a static quark, in a gauge-invariant formalism with quark masses down to almost physical $m_{\pi }$. We determine mass differences between diquark channels as well as diquark-quark mass differences. The lightest and next-to-lightest diquarks have "good" scalar, ${\bar{3}}_F$, ${\bar{3}}_c$, $J^P=0^{+}$, and "bad" axial vector, $6_F$, ${\bar{3}}_c$, $J^P=1^{+}$, quantum numbers, and a bad-good mass difference for $ud$ flavors, $198(4)\mathrm{MeV}$, in excellent agreement with phenomenological determinations. Quark-quark attraction is found only in the "good" diquark channel. We extract a corresponding diquark size of $\sim 0.6\mathrm{fm}$ and perform a first exploration of the "good" diquark shape, which is shown to be spherical. Our results provide quantitative support for modeling the low-lying baryon spectrum using good light diquark effective degrees of freedom.

arXiv comment20 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, published version

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