The Varying Kinematics of Multiple Ejecta from the Black Hole X-ray Binary MAXI J1820+070

Abstract

During a 2018 outburst, the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070 was comprehensively monitored at multiple wavelengths as it underwent a hard to soft state transition. During this transition a rapid evolution in X-ray timing properties and a short-lived radio flare were observed, both of which were linked to the launching of bi-polar, long-lived relativistic ejecta. We provide detailed analysis of two Very Long Baseline Array observations, using both time binning and a new dynamic phase centre tracking technique to mitigate the effects of smearing when observing fast-moving ejecta at high angular resolution. We identify a second, earlier ejection, with a lower proper motion of $18.0\pm 1.1$ mas day${}^{-1}$. This new jet knot was ejected $4\pm 1$ hours before the beginning of the rise of the radio flare, and $2\pm 1$ hours before a switch from type-C to type-B X-ray quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs). We show that this jet was ejected over a period of $\sim 6$ hours and thus its ejection was contemporaneous with the QPO transition. Our new technique locates the original, faster ejection in an observation in which it was previously undetected. With this detection we revised the fits to the proper motions of the ejecta and calculated a jet inclination angle of $(64\pm 5{)}^{\circ }$, and jet velocities of $0.97_{-0.09}^{+0.03}c$ for the fast-moving ejecta ($\Gamma >2.1$) and $(0.30\pm 0.05)c$ for the newly-identified slow-moving ejection ($\Gamma =1.05\pm 0.02$). We show that the approaching slow-moving component is predominantly responsible for the radio flare, and is likely linked to the switch from type-C to type-B QPOs, while no definitive signature of ejection was identified for the fast-moving ejecta.

11 pages including 5 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS

References in corpus (18)

• Magnetic acceleration of relativistic AGN jets
• Magnetically Arrested Disks and Origin of Poynting Jets: Numerical Study
• Geometrical constraints on the origin of timing signals from black holes
• The 2003 Outburst of the X-ray Transient H 1743-322: Comparisons with the Black Hole Microquasar XTE J1550-564
• An extremely powerful long-lived superluminal ejection from the black hole MAXI J1820+070
• Discovery of oscillations above 200 keV in a black hole X-ray binary with Insight-HXMT
• A radio parallax to the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070
• Sgr A* near-infrared flares from reconnection events in a magnetically arrested disc
• A rapidly-changing jet orientation in the stellar-mass black hole V404 Cygni
• Opening angles, Lorentz factors and confinement of X-ray binary jets
• The spectral energy distribution of compact jets powered by internal shocks
• X-ray and Optical Monitoring of State Transitions in MAXI J1820+070
• Dynamical Imaging with Interferometry
• Relativistic X-ray jets from the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070
• Detection of a faint fast-moving near-Earth asteroid using synthetic tracking technique
• The evolution of the broadband temporal features observed in the black-hole transient MAXI J1820+070 with Insight-HXMT
• Disc and wind in black hole X-ray binary MAXIJ1820+070 observed through polarized light during its 2018 outburst
• MAXI J1820+070 with NuSTAR II. Flaring during the hard to soft state transition with a long soft lag

Cited by in corpus (10)

• A variable corona during the transition from type-C to type-B quasi-periodic oscillations in the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070
• Modeling the kinematics of the decelerating jets from the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1348$-$630
• Are Low-Frequency Quasi-Periodic Oscillations seen in accretion flows the disk response to a jet instability?
• Thermonuclear explosions on neutron stars reveal the speed of their jets
• The Donor of the Black-Hole X-Ray Binary MAXI J1820+070
• Radio observations of the Black Hole X-ray Binary EXO 1846-031 re-awakening from a 34-year slumber
• Time-dependent visibility modelling of a relativistic jet in the X-ray binary MAXI J1803-298
• Gamma-ray observations of MAXI J1820+070 during the 2018 outburst
• No Need for an Extreme Jet Energy in the Black-Hole X-Ray Binary MAXI J1348--630
• Investigating the nature and properties of MAXI J1810-222 with radio and X-ray observations