Spinning Gluons from the QCD Light-Ray OPE

Abstract

We study the transverse spin structure of the squeezed limit of the three-point energy correlator, $⟨\mathcal{E}({\vec{n}}_1)\mathcal{E}({\vec{n}}_2)\mathcal{E}({\vec{n}}_3)⟩$. To describe its all orders perturbative behavior, we develop the light-ray operator product expansion (OPE) in QCD. At leading twist the iterated OPE of $\mathcal{E}({\vec{n}}_i)$ operators closes onto light-ray operators ${\mathbb{O}}^{[J]}(\vec{n})$ with spin $J$, and transverse spin $j=0,2$. We compute the $\mathcal{E}({\vec{n}}_1)\mathcal{E}({\vec{n}}_2)$, $\mathcal{E}({\vec{n}}_1){\mathbb{O}}^{[J]}({\vec{n}}_2)$ and ${\mathbb{O}}^{[J_1]}({\vec{n}}_1){\mathbb{O}}^{[J_2]}({\vec{n}}_2)$ OPEs as analytic functions of $J$, which allows for the description of arbitrary squeezed limits of $N$-point correlators in QCD. We use these results with $J=3$ to reproduce the perturbative expansion in the squeezed limit of the three-point correlator, as well as to resum the leading twist singular structure for both quark and gluon jets, including transverse spin contributions, as required for phenomenological applications. Finally, we briefly comment on the transverse spin structure at higher twists, and show that to all orders in the twist expansion the highest transverse spin contributions are universal between quark and gluon jets, and are descendants of the leading twist transverse spin-2 operator, allowing their resummation into a simple two-dimensional Euclidean conformal block. Due to the general applicability of our results to arbitrary correlation functions of energy flow operators, we anticipate that they can be widely applied to improving our understanding of jet substructure at the LHC.

38 pages, 6 figures

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• Conformal Colliders Meet the LHC
• Scaling violation in power corrections to energy correlators from the light-ray OPE
• Analytic Computation of Three-point Energy Correlator in QCD
• Non-Gaussianities in Collider Energy Flux
• Three-point Energy Correlators in Hadronic Higgs Decays
• Systematic Quark/Gluon Identification with Ratios of Likelihoods
• Probing cold nuclear matter with energy correlators
• Two-loop anomalous dimensions for small-$R$ jet versus hadronic fragmentation functions
• Giving wake to energy-energy correlators: Hydrodynamic response on the celestial sphere
• Gluon Polarimetry with Energy-Energy Correlators
• Observable Optimization for Precision Theory: Machine Learning Energy Correlators
• Energy-Energy Correlator from the AdS Virasoro-Shapiro Amplitude