Optically reconfigurable quasi-phase-matching in silicon nitride microresonators

Abstract

Bringing efficient second-order nonlinear effects in integrated photonics is an important task motivated by the prospect of enabling all possible optical functionalities on chip. Such task has proved particularly challenging in silicon photonics, as materials best suited for photonic integration lack second-order susceptibility (${\chi }^{(2)}$). Methods for inducing effective ${\chi }^{(2)}$ in such materials have recently opened new opportunities. Here, we present optically reconfigurable quasi-phase-matching in large radius Si${}_3$N${}_4$ microresonators resulting in mW level on-chip second-harmonic generated powers. Most importantly we show that such all-optical poling can occur unconstrained from intermodal phase-matching, leading to widely tunable second-harmonic generation. We confirm the phenomenon by two-photon imaging of the inscribed ${\chi }^{(2)}$ grating structures within the microresonators as well as by dynamic tracking of both the pump and second-harmonic mode resonances. These results unambiguously establish that the photogalvanic effect, responsible for all-optical poling, can overcome phase mismatch constraints even in resonant systems, and simultaneously allow for the combined record of output power and tunability.

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• Post-2000 Nonlinear Optical Materials and Measurements: Data Tables and Best Practices
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• Programmable on-chip nonlinear photonics
• Coherent Photogalvanic Effect for Second-Order Nonlinear Photonics
• Second order nonlinearity induced multipartite entanglement in a hybrid magnon cavity QED system
• Near perfect two-photon interference out a down-converter on a silicon photonic chip
• Hybrid-mode-family Kerr optical parametric oscillation for robust coherent light generation on chip
• Van der Waals functionalization of ultrahigh-Q silica microcavities for ${\chi }^{(2)}$-${\chi }^{(3)}$ hybrid nonlinear photonics
• Coupling to multi-mode waveguides with space-time shaped free-space pulses
• Ultrabroadband Milliwatt-Level Resonant Frequency Doubling on a Chip
• Multi-timescale frequency-phase matching for high-yield nonlinear photonics
• Free-space quasi-phase matching
• Subwavelength Photorefractive Grating in a Thin-Film Lithium Niobate Microcavity
• Integrated tunable green light source on silicon nitride
• Optical Switching of ${\chi }^{(2)}$ in Diamond Photonics