Discovery of Double-Ring Structure in the Supernova Remnant N103B: Evidence for Bipolar Winds from a Type Ia Supernova Progenitor

Abstract

The geometric structure of supernova remnants (SNR) provides a clue to unveiling the pre-explosion evolution of their progenitors. Here we present an X-ray study of N103B (0509-68.7), a Type Ia SNR in the Large Magellanic Cloud, that is known to be interacting with dense circumstellar matter (CSM). Applying our novel method for feature extraction to deep Chandra observations, we have successfully resolved the CSM, Fe-rich ejecta, and intermediate-mass element (IME) ejecta components, and revealed each of their spatial distribution. Remarkably, the IME ejecta component exhibits a double-ring structure, implying that the SNR expands into an hourglass-shape cavity and thus forms bipolar bubbles of the ejecta. This interpretation is supported by more quantitative spectroscopy that reveals a clear bimodality in the distribution of the ionization state of the IME ejecta. These observational results can be naturally explained if the progenitor binary system had formed a dense CSM torus on the orbital plane prior to the explosion, providing further evidence that the SNR N103B originates from a single-degenerate progenitor.

12 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters (originally submitted to ApJ, but offered a transfer to ApJL)

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• Can the Fe K-alpha Line Reliably Predict Supernova Remnant Progenitors?
• Spatially Resolved X-ray Study of Supernova Remnant G306.3$-$0.9 with Unusually High Calcium Abundance
• Do Type Ia Supernovae Explode Inside Planetary Nebulae?
• Locating the CSM Emission within the Type Ia Supernova Remnant N103B
• The core degenerate scenario for the type Ia supernova SN 2020eyj
• An Exploration of X-ray Supernova Remnants in the Milky Way and Nearby Galaxies
• Linking the properties of accreting white dwarfs with the ionization state of their ambient medium
• Pre-explosion helium shell flash in type Ia supernovae
• Probing the Diversity of Type Ia Supernova Remnants in 3-D Hydrodynamic Simulations with X-ray Spectral Synthesis