Non-adiabatic dynamics across a first order quantum phase transition: Quantized bubble nucleation

Abstract

Metastability is a quintessential feature of first order quantum phase transitions, which is lost either by dynamical instability or by nucleating bubbles of a true vacuum through quantum tunneling. By considering a drive across the first order quantum phase transition in the quantum Ising chain in the presence of both transverse and longitudinal fields, we reveal multiple regions in the parameter space where the initial metastable state loses its metastability in successive stages. The mechanism responsible is found to be semi-degenerate resonant tunnelings to states with specific bubble sizes. We show that such dynamics of quantized bubble nucleations can be understood in terms of Landau-Zener transitions, which provide quantitative predictions of nucleation probabilities for different bubble sizes.

arXiv comment7+4 pages, 5+3 figures. Close to published version

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Cited by in corpus (22)

• False vacuum decay in quantum spin chains
• Prethermalization in one-dimensional quantum many-body systems with confinement
• Observation of false vacuum decay via bubble formation in ferromagnetic superfluids
• Fragmentation and emergent integrable transport in the weakly tilted Ising chain
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