Complex structure of a proto-brown dwarf

Abstract

We present ALMA ${}^{12}$CO (2-1), ${}^{13}$CO (2-1), C${}^{18}$O (2-1) molecular line observations of a very young proto-brown dwarf system, ISO-OPH 200. We have conducted physical+chemical modelling of the complex internal structure for this system using the core collapse simulations for brown dwarf formation. The model at an age of $\sim$6000 yr can provide a good fit to the observed kinematics, spectra, and reproduce the complex structures seen in the moment maps. Results from modelling indicate that ${}^{12}$CO emission is tracing an extended ($\sim$1000 au) molecular outflow and a bright shock knot, ${}^{13}$CO is tracing the outer ($\sim$1000 au) envelope/pseudo-disc, and C${}^{18}$O is tracing the inner ($\sim$500 au) pseudo-disc. The source size of $\sim$8.6 au measured in the 873$\mu$m image is comparable to the inner Keplerian disc size predicted by the model. A 3D model structure of ISO-OPH 200 suggests that this system is viewed partially through a wide outflow cavity resulting in a direct view of the outflow and a partial view of the envelope/pseudo-disc. We have argued that ISO-OPH 200 has been mis-classified as a Class Flat object due to the unusual orientation. The various signatures of this system, notably, the young $\sim$616 yr outflow dynamical age and high outflow rate ($\sim$1$\times$10${}^{-7}$ M${}_{\odot }$ yr${}^{-1}$), silicate absorption in the 10$\mu$m mid-infrared spectrum, pristine ISM-like dust in the envelope/disc, comparable sizes of the extended envelope and outflow, indicate that ISO-OPH 200 is an early Class 0 stage system formed in a star-like mechanism via gravitational collapse of a very low-mass core.

Accepted in MNRAS

References in corpus (69)

• Evolutionary models for cool brown dwarfs and extrasolar giant planets. The case of HD 20945
• Physical Conditions in Regions of Star Formation
• The Formation of Brown Dwarfs as Ejected Stellar Embryos
• SCUBA-2: The 10000 pixel bolometer camera on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope
• Stellar, brown dwarf and multiple star properties from a radiation hydrodynamical simulation of star cluster formation
• Massive molecular outflows
• Stellar, Brown Dwarf, and Multiple Star Properties from Hydrodynamical Simulations of Star Cluster Formation
• The properties of brown dwarfs and low-mass hydrogen-burning stars formed by disc fragmentation
• PROSAC: A Submillimeter Array Survey of Low-Mass Protostars. I. Overview of Program: Envelopes, Disks, Outflows and Hot Cores
• Outflows and Jets from Collapsing Magnetized Cloud Cores
• Organic molecules in protoplanetary disks around TTauri and HerbigAe stars
• Radiation Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of Protostellar Collapse: Protostellar Core Formation
• Simulating star formation in molecular cloud cores I. The influence of low levels of turbulence on fragmentation and multiplicity
• Collapse of Rotating Magnetized Molecular Cloud Cores and Mass Outflows
• Formation of a Keplerian disk in the infalling envelope around L1527 IRS: transformation from infalling motions to Kepler motions
• Gravitational fragmentation and the formation of brown dwarfs in stellar clusters
• Resolved images of a protostellar outflow launched by an extended disk wind
• Signs of Early-Stage Disk Growth Revealed with ALMA
• Can giant planets form by gravitational fragmentation of discs?
• Disk-Driven Rotating Bipolar Outflow in Orion Source I
• Effects of Ohmic and ambipolar diffusion on the formation and evolution of the first cores, protostars and circumstellar discs
• Molecular Outflows Driven by Low-Mass Protostars. I. Correcting for Underestimates When Measuring Outflow Masses and Dynamical Properties
• Gaia-DR2 confirms VLBA parallaxes in Ophiuchus, Serpens and Aquila
• Bridging the gap: disk formation in the Class 0 phase with ambipolar diffusion and Ohmic dissipation
• ALMA Observations of the Transition from Infall Motion to Keplerian Rotation around the Late-phase Protostar TMC-1A
• A submillimetre survey of the kinematics of the Perseus molecular cloud - II. Molecular outflows
• Episodic molecular outflow in the very young protostellar cluster Serpens South
• Unveiling the Evolutionary Sequence from Infalling Envelopes to Keplerian Disks around Low-Mass Protostars
• 8--13 um spectroscopy of YSOs: Evolution of the silicate feature
• A Keplerian Circumbinary Disk around the Protobinary System L1551 NE
• High-J CO survey of low-mass protostars observed with Herschel-HIFI
• Observations of Infalling and Rotational Motions on a 1,000-AU Scale around 17 Class 0 and 0/I Protostars: Hints of Disk Growth and Magnetic Braking?
• ALMA Observations of the Protostar L1527 IRS: Probing Details of the Disk and the Envelope Structures
• Massive molecular outflows at high spatial resolution
• IC348-SMM2E: a Class 0 proto-brown dwarf candidate forming as a scaled-down version of low-mass stars
• Dust Polarization Toward Embedded Protostars in Ophiuchus with ALMA. III. Survey Overview
• Radiative Transfer and Starless Cores
• Outflow forces of low mass embedded objects in Ophiuchus: a quantitative comparison of analysis methods
• Systematic analysis of spectral energy distributions and the dust opacity indices for Class 0 young stellar objects
• Magnetic Field Structure around Low-Mass Class 0 Protostars: B335, L1527 and IC348-SMM2
• Impact of Protostellar Outflow on Star Formation: Effects of Initial Cloud Mass
• Self-consistent evolution of accreting low-mass stars and brown dwarfs
• The Mass-Velocity and Position-Velocity Relations in Episodic Outflows
• The First Two Thousand Years of Star Formation
• Brown dwarf formation by binary disruption
• The high-mass star-forming region IRAS18182-1433
• Cloud Structure of Galactic OB Cluster Forming Regions from Combining Ground and Space Based Bolometric Observations
• Dense and warm molecular gas in the envelopes and outflows of southern low-mass protostars
• First Direct Simulation of Brown Dwarf Formation in a Compact Cloud Core
• Molecular gas freeze-out in the pre-stellar core L1689B
• Kinematics and Physical Conditions of the Innermost Envelope in B335
• Hall effect-driven formation of gravitationally unstable discs in magnetized molecular cloud cores
• Unveiling the nature and interaction of the intermediate/high-mass YSOs in IRAS 20343+4129
• Classifying the embedded young stellar population in Perseus and Taurus & the LOMASS database
• The radial distribution of dust species in young brown dwarf disks
• First large scale Herbig-Haro jet driven by a proto-brown dwarf
• Chemical tracers in proto-brown dwarfs: CN, HCN, and HNC observations
• CO abundances in a protostellar cloud: freeze-out and desorption in the envelope and outflow of L483
• X-Shooter spectroscopy of young stellar objects - VI - HI line decrements
• Different Modes of Star Formation: Gravitational Collapse of Magnetically Subcritical Cloud
• 2MASS J17112318-2724315: A Deeply-Embedded Low-Mass Protostellar System in the B59 Molecular Cloud
• The Near-Infrared Outflow and Cavity of the proto-Brown Dwarf Candidate ISO-Oph 200
• ALMA reveals a pseudo-disc in a proto-brown dwarf
• The nature of very low luminosity objects (VeLLOs)
• ALMA Observations of SMM11 Reveal an Extremely Young Protostar in Serpens Main Cluster
• Young Stellar Objects in NGC 6823
• Chemical tracers in proto-brown dwarfs: CO, ortho-H${}_2$CO, para-H${}_2$CO, HCO${}^{+}$, CS observations
• A multi-wavelength characterization of proto-brown dwarf candidates in Serpens
• Accretion and outflow activity in proto-brown dwarfs

Cited by in corpus (3)

• The HH 24 Complex: Jets, Multiple Star Formation, and Orphaned Protostars
• Deuterium chemistry and D/H ratios in Class 0/I proto-brown dwarfs
• First CH${}_3$D detection in Class 0/I proto-brown dwarfs: constraints on CH${}_4$ abundances