Darboux Transformations for Orthogonal Differential Systems and Differential Galois Theory

Abstract

Darboux developed an ingenious algebraic mechanism to construct infinite chains of ''integrable'' second-order differential equations as well as their solutions. After a surprisingly long time, Darboux's results were rediscovered and applied in many frameworks, for instance in quantum mechanics (where they provide useful tools for supersymmetric quantum mechanics), in soliton theory, Lax pairs and many other fields involving hierarchies of equations. In this paper, we propose a method which allows us to generalize the Darboux transformations algorithmically for tensor product constructions on linear differential equations or systems. We obtain explicit Darboux transformations for third-order orthogonal systems ($\mathfrak{so}(3,C_K)$ systems) as well as a framework to extend Darboux transformations to any symmetric power of $\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{C})$-systems. We introduce SUSY toy models for these tensor products, giving as an illustration the analysis of some shape invariant potentials. All results in this paper have been implemented and tested in the computer algebra system Maple.

References in corpus (7)

• Chains of Darboux transformations for the matrix Schroedinger equation
• Galoisian Approach to Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics
• Differential Galois Theory of Algebraic Lie-Vessiot Systems
• Reduced Forms of Linear Differential Systems and the Intrinsic Galois-Lie Algebra of Katz
• Liouville integrability: an effective Morales-Ramis-Simó theorem
• Galoisian Approach to integrability of Schrödinger Equation
• Rational KdV Potentials and Differential Galois Theory