Generating Large Cats with Nine Lives: Long-Lived Macroscopically Distinct Superposition States in Atomic Ensembles
arXiv:2101.03662 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.093602
Abstract
We propose to create and stabilize long-lived macroscopic quantum superposition states in atomic ensembles. We show that using a fully quantum parametric amplifier can cause the simultaneous decay of two atoms and, in turn, create stabilized atomic Schrödinger cat states. Remarkably, even with modest parameters these intracavity atomic cat states can have an extremely long lifetime, up to \emph{4 orders of magnitude} longer than that of intracavity photonic cat states under the same parameter conditions, reaching \emph{tens of milliseconds}. This lifetime of atomic cat states is ultimately limited to \emph{several seconds} by extremely weak spin relaxation and thermal noise. Our work opens up a new way toward the long-standing goal of generating large-size and long-lived cat states, with immediate interests both in fundamental studies and noise-immune quantum technologies.
arXiv comment7+14 pages, 3+7 figures
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