Detecting Entanglement can be More Effective with Inequivalent Mutually Unbiased Bases

Abstract

Mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) provide a standard tool in the verification of quantum states, especially when harnessing a complete set for optimal quantum state tomography. In this work, we investigate the detection of entanglement via inequivalent sets of MUBs, with a particular focus on unextendible MUBs. These are bases for which an additional unbiased basis cannot be constructed and, consequently, are unsuitable for quantum state verification. Here, we show that unextendible MUBs, as well as other inequivalent sets in higher dimensions, can be more effective in the verification of entanglement. Furthermore, we provide an efficient and systematic method to search for inequivalent MUBs and show that such sets occur regularly within the Heisenberg-Weyl MUBs, as the dimension increases. Our findings are particularly useful for experimentalists since adding optimal MUBs to an experimental setup enables a step-by-step approach to detect a larger class of entangled states.

arXiv comment6 pages, 1 figure; added details to d=9

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• Special features of the Weyl-Heisenberg Bell basis imply unusual entanglement structure of Bell-diagonal states
• Is bound entanglement Lorentz invariant?
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• Bipartite Bound Entanglement
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• High-dimensional multi-input quantum random access codes and mutually unbiased bases