A special simplex in the state space for entangled qudits

Abstract

Focus is on two parties with Hilbert spaces of dimension d, i.e. "qudits". In the state space of these two possibly entangled qudits an analogue to the well known tetrahedron with the four qubit Bell states at the vertices is presented. The simplex analogue to this magic tetrahedron includes mixed states. Each of these states appears to each of the two parties as the maximally mixed state. Some studies on these states are performed, and special elements of this set are identified. A large number of them is included in the chosen simplex which fits exactly into conditions needed for teleportation and other applications. Its rich symmetry - related to that of a classical phase space - helps to study entanglement, to construct witnesses and perform partial transpositions. This simplex has been explored in details for d=3. In this paper the mathematical background and extensions to arbitrary dimensions are analysed.

24 pages, in connection with the Workshop 'Theory and Technology in Quantum Information, Communication, Computation and Cryptography' June 2006, Trieste; summary and outlook added, minor changes in notation

References in corpus (2)

• Largest separable balls around the maximally mixed bipartite quantum state
• The state space for two qutrits has a phase space structure in its core

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