The Hercules cluster in X-rays with $XMM$-$Newton$ and $Chandra$

Abstract

We present a detailed X-ray study of the central subcluster of the nearby ($z$ $\sim$0.0368) Hercules cluster (Abell 2151) identified as A2151C that shows a bimodal structure. A bright clump of hot gas with X-ray emission extending to radius $r$ $\sim$304 kpc and $L_X=3.03_{-0.04}^{+0.02}\times 10^{43}$ erg s${}^{-1}$ in the 0.4$-$7.0 keV energy range is seen as a fairly regular subclump towards the west (A2151C(B)). An irregular, fainter and cooler subclump with radius $r$ $\sim$364 kpc is seen towards the east (A2151C(F)) and has $L_X=1.13\pm 0.02\times 10^{43}$ erg s${}^{-1}$ in the 0.4$-$7.0 keV energy band. The average temperature and elemental abundance of A2151C(B) are $2.01\pm 0.05$ keV and $0.43\pm 0.05$ Z${}_{\odot }$ respectively, while these values are $1.17\pm 0.04$ keV and $0.13\pm 0.02$ Z${}_{\odot }$ for A2151C(F). Low temperature ($1.55\pm 0.07$ keV) and a short cooling time ($\sim$0.81 Gyr) within the central 15 arcsec region confirm the presence of a cool core in A2151C(B). We identify several compact groups of galaxies within A2151C(F). We find that A2151C(F) is a distinct galaxy group in the process of formation and likely not a ram-pressure stripped part of the eastern subcluster in Hercules (A2151E). X-ray emission from A2151C shows a region of overlap between A2151C(B) and A2151C(F) but without any enhancement of temperature or entropy in the two-dimensional (2D) projected thermodynamic maps that could have indicated an interaction due to merger between the two subclumps.

arXiv comment20 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in the MNRAS

References in corpus (46)

• On the Absorption of X-rays in the Interstellar Medium
• Collisional Plasma Models with APEC/APED: Emission Line Diagnostics of Hydrogen-like and Helium-like Ions
• Heating Hot Atmospheres with Active Galactic Nuclei
• A Cosmology Calculator for the World Wide Web
• The Mass Function of an X-Ray Flux-Limited Sample of Galaxy Clusters
• Formation of Galaxy Clusters
• Tracing cosmic evolution with clusters of galaxies
• Calibration of X-ray absorption in our Galaxy
• Shocks and cold fronts in galaxy clusters
• On the fundamental dichotomy in the local radio-AGN population: accretion, evolution, and host galaxy properties
• Mass Estimates of X-Ray Clusters
• The Imprint of Galaxy Formation on X-ray Clusters
• The 2-8 keV cosmic X-ray background spectrum as observed with XMM-Newton
• A Catalog of Galaxy Clusters Observed by XMM-Newton
• X-ray background measurements with XMM-Newton EPIC
• Absolute measurement of the unresolved cosmic X-ray background in the 0.5-8 keV band with Chandra
• The GEMS project: X-ray analysis and statistical properties of the group sample
• Hot Gas In and Around Elliptical Galaxies
• X-ray Properties of Groups of Galaxies
• The intragroup medium in loose groups of galaxies
• Scaling Properties of a Complete X-ray Selected Galaxy Group Sample
• Contour binning: a new technique for spatially-resolved X-ray spectroscopy applied to Cassiopeia A
• The EFIGI catalogue of 4458 nearby galaxies with detailed morphology
• Self-similar scaling and evolution in the galaxy cluster X-ray Luminosity-Temperature relation
• A Systematic Study of X-Ray Substructure of Galaxy Clusters Detected in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey
• Evidence for AGN Feedback in Galaxy Clusters and Groups
• A statistically-selected Chandra sample of 20 galaxy clusters -- I. Temperature and cooling time profiles
• Why Do Only Some Galaxy Clusters Have Cool Cores?
• Temperature and abundance profiles of hot gas in galaxy groups - I. Results and statistical analysis
• Testing the Low-Mass End of X-Ray Scaling Relations with a Sample of Chandra Galaxy Groups
• The dynamical state of the Coma cluster with XMM-Newton
• A volume-limited sample of X-ray galaxy groups and clusters - I. Radial entropy and cooling time profiles
• A Parameter Space Exploration of Galaxy Cluster Mergers I: Gas Mixing and the Generation of Cluster Entropy
• Hot Gas in Galaxy Groups: Recent Observations
• Hydrodynamic simulations of merging clusters of galaxies
• The Chandra COSMOS legacy survey: Energy Spectrum of the Cosmic X-ray Background and constraints on undetected populations
• Are X-ray properties of loose groups different from those of compact groups?
• Shocks and cold fronts in merging and massive galaxy clusters: new detections with Chandra
• The origin of wide-angle tailed radio galaxies
• Kinematics of the Hercules Supercluster
• Structures in Galaxy Clusters
• The X-ray luminosity-temperature relation of a complete sample of low-mass galaxy clusters
• Subcluster Merger and Galaxy Infall in A2151
• On the Origin of Cool Core Galaxy Clusters: Comparing X-Ray Observations with Numerical Simulations
• Deep spectroscopy of nearby galaxy clusters: II. The Hercules cluster
• Suzaku observations of the low surface brightness cluster A76

Cited by in corpus (4)

• Unveiling the internal structure of Hercules supercluster
• Tracing the assembly histories of galaxy clusters in the nearby universe
• Dashing through the cluster: An X-ray to radio view of UGC 10420 undergoing ram-pressure stripping
• The complex intracluster medium of Abell 1569 and its interaction with central radio galaxies