Dynamical symmetries of periodically-driven quantum systems and their spectroscopic signatures

Abstract

Spatial symmetries of quantum systems leads to important effects in spectroscopy, such as selection rules and dark states. Motivated by the increasing strength of light-matter interaction achieved in recent experiments, we investigate a set of dynamically-generalized symmetries for quantum systems, which are subject to a strong periodic driving. Based on Floquet response theory, we study rotational, particle-hole, chiral and time-reversal symmetries and their signatures in spectroscopy, including symmetry-protected dark states (spDS), a Floquet band selection rule (FBSR), and symmetry-induced transparency (siT). Specifically, a dynamical rotational symmetry establishes dark state conditions, as well as selection rules for inelastic light scattering processes; a particle-hole symmetry introduces dark states for symmetry related Floquet states and also a transparency effect at quasienergy crossings; chiral symmetry and time-reversal symmetry alone do not imply dark state conditions, but can be combined to the particle-hole symmetry. Our predictions reveal new physical phenomena when a quantum system reaches the strong light-matter coupling regime, important for superconducting qubits, atoms and molecules in optical or plasmonic field cavities, and optomechanical systems.

5 pages + additional supplementary information

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• Disordered ensembles of strongly coupled single-molecule plasmonic picocavities as nonlinear optical metamaterials
• Electron transfer under the Floquet modulation in donor-bridge-acceptor systems
• Observation of Geometric Heat Pump Effect in Periodic Driven Thermal Diffusion
• Dephasing of Strong-Field-Driven Floquet States Revealed by Time- and Spectrum-Resolved Quantum-Path Interferometry
• Control landscape of measurement-assisted transition probability for a three-level quantum system with dynamical symmetry
• Optical Conductivity Signatures of Floquet Electronic Phases
• Floquet theory and applications in open quantum and classical systems
• Hidden time-nonlocal Floquet symmetries
• Floquet systems with continuous dynamical symmetries: characterization, time-dependent Noether charge, and solvability
• Observation of symmetry-protected selection rules in periodically driven quantum systems