New insights into the formation and growth of boson stars in dark matter halos

Abstract

This work studies the formation and growth of boson stars and their surrounding miniclusters by gravitational condensation using non-linear dynamical numerical methods. Fully dynamical attractive and repulsive self-interactions are also considered for the first time. In the case of pure gravity, we numerically prove that the growth of boson stars inside halos slows down and saturates as has been previously conjectured, and detail its conditions. Self-interactions are included using the Gross-Pitaevskii-Poisson equations. We find that in the case of strong attractive self-interactions the boson stars can become unstable and collapse, in agreement with previous stationary computations. At even stronger coupling, the condensate fragments. Repulsive self-interactions, as expected, promote boson star formation, and lead to solutions with larger radii.

15 pages, 21 figures

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• Boson Stars and Oscillatons: A Review
• Dark Photon Stars: Formation and Role as Dark Matter Substructure
• Galactic rotation curves versus ultralight dark matter: A systematic comparison with SPARC data
• Deep zoom-in simulation of a fuzzy dark matter galactic halo
• Gravitational Collapse in the Post-Inflationary Universe
• Relaxation times for Bose-Einstein condensation by self-interaction and gravity
• Coherent and incoherent structures in fuzzy dark matter halos
• Probing Relativistic Axions from Transient Astrophysical Sources
• Can the GW190814 secondary component be a bosonic dark matter admixed compact star?
• Solar mass black holes from neutron stars and bosonic dark matter
• Possible evidence of QCD axion stars in HSC and OGLE microlensing events
• Soliton Merger Rates and Enhanced Axion Dark Matter Decay
• Transient Radio Lines from Axion Miniclusters and Axion Stars
• Maximum mass of relativistic self-gravitating Bose-Einstein condensates with repulsive or attractive $|\phi {|}^4$ self-interaction
• Improved Mixed Dark Matter Halo Model for Ultralight Axions
• Gravitational lensing $H_0$ tension from ultralight axion galactic cores
• Analysis of Bose-Einstein condensation times for self-interacting scalar dark matter
• Self-Interacting Superfluid Dark Matter Droplets
• An Effective Field Theory for Large Oscillons
• Diluted Axion Star Collisions with Neutron Stars
• Coherent soliton states hidden in phase-space and stabilized by gravitational incoherent structures
• Diffuse X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Limits on Boson Stars that Interact with Nuclei
• A self-consistent wave description of axion miniclusters and their survival in the galaxy