The Advanced Virgo Photon Calibrators

Abstract

As the sensitivities of LIGO, Virgo and KAGRA detectors improve, calibration of the interferometers output is becoming more and more important and may impact scientific results. For the observing run O3, Virgo used for the first time photon calibrators (PCal) to calibrate the interferometer, using radiation pressure of a modulated auxiliary laser beam impinging on the Advanced Virgo end mirrors. Those optical devices, also used in LIGO, are now the calibration reference for the global gravitational wave detectors network. The intercalibration of LIGO and Virgo PCals, based on the same absolute reference called the Gold Standard, has allowed to remove a systematic bias of 3.92% that would have been present in Virgo calibration using the PCal. The uncertainty budget on the PCal-induced displacement of the end mirrors (NE and WE) of Advanced Virgo has been estimated to be 1.36% for O3a and 1.40% on NE PCal (resp. 1.74% on WE PCal) for O3b. This uncertainty is the limiting one for the global calibration of Advanced Virgo. It is expected to be reduced below 1% for the next observing runs.

References in corpus (10)

• GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
• Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger
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• Characterization of systematic error in Advanced LIGO calibration
• The Advanced LIGO Photon Calibrators
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Cited by in corpus (16)

• GWTC-2: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo During the First Half of the Third Observing Run
• GWTC-3: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo During the Second Part of the Third Observing Run
• 4-OGC: Catalog of gravitational waves from compact-binary mergers
• 3-OGC: Catalog of gravitational waves from compact-binary mergers
• Search for intermediate mass black hole binaries in the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo
• Constraining the Hubble constant to a precision of about 1% using multi-band dark standard siren detections
• Virgo Detector Characterization and Data Quality: results from the O3 run
• Does non-stationary noise in LIGO and Virgo affect the estimation of $H_0$?
• Newtonian calibrator tests during the Virgo O3 data taking
• Calibration of Advanced Virgo and reconstruction of detector strain h(t) during the Observing Run O3
• A Pseudo Plane-wave Gravitational Calibrator for Gravitational Wave Observatories
• The Virgo Newtonian calibration system for the O4 observing run
• Relative calibration of the LIGO and Virgo detectors using astrophysical events from their third observing run
• High speed, high power 2D beam steering for mitigation of optomechanical parametric instability in gravitational wave detectors
• From the Virgo interferometer calibration to the bias and uncertainty of the h(t) detector strain during the O4 run
• Photon Calibration Performance of KAGRA during the 4th Joint Observing Run (O4)