Simulation of wave-particle duality in multi-path interferometers on a quantum computer

Abstract

We present an architecture to investigate wave-particle duality in $N$-path interferometers on a universal quantum computer involving as low as $2\log N$ qubits and develop a measurement scheme which allows the efficient extraction of quantifiers of interference visibility and which-path information. We implement our algorithms for interferometers with up to $N=16$ paths in proof-of-principle experiments on a noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) device using down to $\mathcal{O}(\log N)$ gates and despite increasing noise consistently observe a complementary behavior between interference visibility and which-path information. Our results are in accordance with our current understanding of wave-particle duality and allow its investigation for interferometers with an exponentially growing number of paths on future quantum devices beyond the NISQ era.

9 pages (5 pages main text, 3 pages appendix, 1 page references)

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• Complementarity relations of a delayed-choice quantum eraser in a quantum circuit
• Demonstration of Scully-Drühl-type quantum erasers on quantum computers
• K-sparse Pure State Tomography with Phase Estimation