Deflection angle of a light ray reflected by a general marginally unstable photon sphere in a strong deflection limit

Abstract

We investigate the deflection angle in a strong deflection limit for a marginally unstable photon sphere in a general asymptotically flat, static and spherically symmetric spacetime under some assumptions to calculate observables. The deflection angle of a light ray reflected by the marginally unstable photon sphere diverges nonlogarithmically while the one reflected by a photon sphere diverges logarithmically. We apply our formula to a Reissner-Nordstrom spacetime and Hayward spacetime.

10 pages, 5 figures, minor correction, title changed, accepted for publication in Physical Review D

References in corpus (27)

• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole
• Relativistic images of Schwarzschild black hole lensing
• Light ring stability in ultra-compact objects
• Light rings as observational evidence for event horizons: long-lived modes, ergoregions and nonlinear instabilities of ultracompact objects
• Wormholes as Black Hole Foils
• Gravitational Lensing by Wormholes
• Connection between black-hole quasinormal modes and lensing in the strong deflection limit
• Strong deflection limit analysis and gravitational lensing of an Ellis wormhole
• Fundamental photon orbits: black hole shadows and spacetime instabilities
• Finite-distance corrections to the gravitational bending angle of light in the strong deflection limit
• Deflection angle in the strong deflection limit in a general asymptotically flat, static, spherically symmetric spacetime
• Kerr black hole lensing for generic observers in the strong deflection limit
• A comparison of approximate gravitational lens equations and a proposal for an improved new one
• Strong deflection limit of black hole gravitational lensing with arbitrary source distances
• Light's Bending Angle due to Black Holes: From the Photon Sphere to Infinity
• Light curves of light rays passing through a wormhole
• A novel gravitational lensing feature by wormholes
• Unstable circular null geodesics of static spherically symmetric black holes, Regge poles and quasinormal frequencies
• Shadow of a Naked Singularity without Photon Sphere
• Upper bound on the radii of black-hole photonspheres
• Analytical approach to strong gravitational lensing from ultracompact objects
• Retrolensing by a charged black hole
• Aspherical Photon and Anti-Photon Surfaces
• The weakly perturbed Schwarzschild lens in the strong deflection limit
• Completing characterization of photon orbits in Kerr and Kerr-Newman metrics
• Strong gravitational lensing by a strongly naked null singularity
• Photon surfaces in spherically, planar and hyperbolically symmetric spacetimes of D-dimensions: Sonic point/photon sphere correspondence

Cited by in corpus (26)

• Photon Ring and Observational Appearance of a Hairy Black Hole
• Gravitational lensing in the Simpson-Visser black-bounce spacetime in a strong deflection limit
• Retrolensing by two photon spheres of a black-bounce spacetime
• Observational predictions of LQG motivated polymerized black holes and constraints from Sgr A* and M87*
• Gravitational lensing of a Schwarzschild-like black hole in Kalb-Ramond gravity
• Gravitational lensing by a photon sphere in a Reissner-Nordström naked singularity spacetime in strong deflection limits
• Gravitational lensing by using the 0th order of affine perturbation series of the deflection angle of a ray near a photon sphere
• Gravitational lens effect of a holonomy corrected Schwarzschild black hole
• Slice-reducible conformal Killing tensors, photon surfaces and shadows
• Gravitational lensing by a Bronnikov-Kim wormhole under a weak-field approximation and in a strong deflection limit
• Iterative solutions for the gravitational lens equation in the strong deflection limit
• Affine perturbation series of the deflection angle of a ray near the photon sphere of a Reissner-Nordström black hole
• Constraints on the black-hole charges of M87* and Sagittarius A* by changing rates of photon spheres can be relaxed
• Gravitational lensing and accretion disk imaging of a Buchdahl dense core
• Retrolensing by light rays slightly inside and outside of a photon sphere around a Reissner-Nordström naked singularity
• Forward Ray Tracing and Hot Spots in Kerr Spacetime
• Analyzing the effect of higher dimensions on the black hole silhouette, deflection angles, and PINN approximated quasinormal modes
• Nondivergent deflection of light around a photon sphere of a compact object
• Circular light orbits of a general, static, and spherical symmetrical wormhole with $Z_2$ symmetry
• Relation between circular photon orbits and the stability of wormholes with the thin shell of a barotropic fluid
• Strong gravitational lensing by a Reissner-Nordström naked singularity with a marginally unstable photon sphere
• Gravitational lensing inside and outside of a marginally unstable photon sphere in a general, static, spherically symmetric, and asymptotically-flat spacetime in strong deflection limits
• Strong-deflection expansion of the deflection angle near a degenerate photon sphere
• Gravitational lensing by two photon spheres in a black-bounce spacetime in strong deflection limits
• Constraints on the $\gamma$-parameter for the vacuum solution of Cotton gravity with geodesics and shadows
• Optical appearance of regularized compact objects without an exterior photon sphere