Inverse design in photonics by topology optimization: tutorial

Abstract

Topology optimization methods for inverse design of nano-photonic systems have recently become extremely popular and are presented in various forms and under various names. Approaches comprise gradient and non-gradient based algorithms combined with more or less systematic ways to improve convergence, discreteness of solutions and satisfaction of manufacturing constraints. We here provide a tutorial for the systematic and efficient design of nano-photonic structures by Topology Optimization (TopOpt). The implementation is based on the advanced and systematic approaches developed in TopOpt for structural optimization during the last three decades. The tutorial presents a step-by-step guide for deriving the continuous constrained optimization problem forming the foundation of the Topology Optimization method, using a cylindrical metalens design problem as an example. It demonstrates the effect and necessity of applying a number of auxiliary tools in the design process in order to ensure good numerical modelling practice and to achieve physically realisable designs. Application examples also include an optical demultiplexer.

arXiv comment8 figures, 19 pages

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