Rectification by hydrodynamic flow in an encapsulated graphene Tesla valve

Abstract

Systems in which interparticle interactions prevail can be described by hydrodynamics. This regime is typically difficult to access in the solid state for electrons. However, the high purity of encapsulated graphene combined with its advantageous phonon properties make it possible, and hydrodynamic corrections to the conductivity of graphene have been observed. Examples include electron whirlpools, enhanced flow through constrictions as well as a Poiseuille flow profile. An electronic device relying specifically on viscous behaviour and acting as a viscometer has however been lacking. Here, we implement the analogue of the Tesla valve. It exhibits nonreciprocal transport and can be regarded as an electronic viscous diode. Rectification occurs at carrier densities and temperatures consistent with the hydrodynamic regime, and disappears both in the ballistic and diffusive transport regimes. In a device in which the electrons are exposed to a Moiré superlattice, the Lifshitz transition when crossing the Van Hove singularity is observed in the rectifying behaviour.

arXiv comment7 pages, 4 figures + supplement. Submitted

Cited by in corpus (7)

• Direct observation of vortices in an electron fluid
• Imaging the breaking of electrostatic dams in graphene for ballistic and viscous fluids
• Ratchet effect in spatially modulated bilayer graphene: Signature of hydrodynamic transport
• Imaging of sub-$\mu$A currents in bilayer graphene using a scanning diamond magnetometer
• Evidence for local spots of viscous electron flow in graphene at moderate mobility
• Nonreciprocal electron hydrodynamics under magnetic fields: applications to nonreciprocal surface magnetoplasmons
• Heating of inhomogeneous electron flow in the hydrodynamic regime