Universality-breaking effects in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ hadronic production processes

Abstract

Recent BELLE measurements provide the cross section for single hadron production in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilations, differential in thrust and in the hadron transverse momentum with respect to the thrust axis. Universality breaking effects due to process-dependent soft factors make it very difficult to relate this cross sections to those corresponding to hadron-pair production in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilations, where transverse momentum dependent (TMD) factorization can be applied. The correspondence between these two cross sections is examined in the framework of the Collins-Soper-Sterman factorization, in the collinear as well as in the TMD approach. We propose a scheme that allows to relate the TMD parton densities defined in 1-hadron and in 2-hadron processes, neatly separating, within the soft and collinear parts, the non-perturbative terms from the contributions that can be calculated perturbatively. The regularization of rapidity divergences introduces cut-offs, the arbitrariness of which will be properly reabsorbed by means of a mechanism closely reminiscent of a gauge transformation. In this way, we restore the possibility to perform global phenomenological studies of TMD physics, simultaneously analyzing data belonging to different hadron classes.

arXiv comment60 pages, 15 figures, revised argument in section 6 - results unchanged, 1 figure added in section 3, references added, typos corrected

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• General helicity formalism for two-hadron production in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilation within a TMD approach
• Transverse Momentum Dependent Fragmentation Functions from recent BELLE data
• Factorization of $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to HX$ cross section, differential in $z_h$, $P_T$ and thrust, in the $2$-jet limit
• Several Topics on Transverse Momentum-Dependent Fragmentation Functions
• Combining nonperturbative transverse momentum dependence with TMD evolution
• Transverse $\Lambda$ polarization in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ processes within a TMD factorization approach and the polarizing fragmentation function
• Inclusive and semi-inclusive production of spin-3/2 hadrons in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilation
• Transverse spin polarization as a novel probe of medium-induced transverse-momentum-broadening effect
• Kinematic regions in the $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to hX$ factorized cross section in a $2$-jet topology with thrust
• Study of the Transverse-Momentum-Dependent structure of the nucleon in Semi-Inclusive DIS