Collimation of partially stripped ions in the CERN Large Hadron Collider

Abstract

In the scope of the Physics Beyond Colliders studies, the Gamma-Factory initiative proposes the use of partially stripped ions as a driver of a new type of high-intensity photon source in CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In 2018, the LHC accelerated and stored partially stripped ${}^{208}{\text{Pb}}^{81+}$ ions for the first time. The collimation system efficiency recorded during this test was found to be prohibitively low, so that only a very low-intensity beam could be stored without the risk of triggering a beam dump when regular, minor beam losses occur. The worst losses were localised in the dispersion suppressor of the betatron-cleaning insertion. This article presents an analysis to understand in detail the source of these losses. Based on this understanding, possible mitigation measures that could significantly improve the cleaning efficiency and enable regular operation with partially-stripped ions in the future are developed.

References in corpus (4)

• Simulations and measurements of beam loss patterns at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
• Beam losses from ultra-peripheral nuclear collisions between Pb ions in the Large Hadron Collider and their alleviation
• First observations of beam losses due to bound-free pair production in a heavy-ion collider
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Cited by in corpus (3)

• Expanding Nuclear Physics Horizons with the Gamma Factory
• Charting the Luminosity Capabilities of the CERN Large Hadron Collider with Various Nuclear Species
• Utilizing relativistic time dilation for time-resolved studies