Current-induced magnetization switching of exchange-biased NiO heterostructures characterized by spin-orbit torque
arXiv:2007.02116 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevApplied.15.014017
Abstract
In this work, we study magnetization switching induced by spin-orbit torque in W(Pt)/Co/NiO heterostructures with variable thickness of heavy-metal layers W and Pt, perpendicularly magnetized Co layer and an antiferromagnetic NiO layer. Using current-driven switching, magnetoresistance and anomalous Hall effect measurements, perpendicular and in-plane exchange bias field were determined. Several Hall-bar devices possessing in-plane exchange bias from both systems were selected and analyzed in relation to our analytical switching model of critical current density as a function of Pt and W thickness, resulting in estimation of effective spin Hall angle and perpendicular effective magnetic anisotropy. We demonstrate in both the Pt/Co/NiO and the W/Co/NiO systems the deterministic Co magnetization switching without external magnetic field which was replaced by in-plane exchange bias field. Moreover, we show that due to a higher effective spin Hall angle in W than in Pt-systems the relative difference between the resistance states in the magnetization current switching to difference between the resistance states in magnetic field switching determined by anomalous Hall effect () is about twice higher in W than Pt, while critical switching current density in W is one order lower than in Pt-devices. The current switching stability and training process is discussed in detail.
References in corpus (25)
- Spin Hall effect
- Current-induced spin-orbit torques in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic systems
- Spin transfer torque devices utilizing the giant spin Hall effect of tungsten
- Switching of perpendicular magnetization by spin-orbit torques in the absence of external magnetic fields
- Spin Pumping and Inverse Spin Hall Effect in Platinum: The Essential Role of Spin-Memory Loss at Metallic Interfaces
- Electric field control of deterministic current-induced magnetization switching in a hybrid ferromagnetic/ferroelectric structure
- Spin-orbit torques induced by interface-generated spin currents
- Ultrafast magnetization switching by spin-orbit torques
- Field-free magnetization reversal by spin-Hall effect and exchange bias
- Threshold current for switching of a perpendicular magnetic layer induced by spin Hall effect
- Switching of Perpendicularly Polarized Nanomagnets with Spin Orbit Torque without an External Magnetic Field by Engineering a Tilted Anisotropy
- Spin Hall magnetoresistance in metallic bilayers
- Tuning the spin Hall effect of Pt from the moderately dirty to the superclean regime
- Time- and spatially-resolved magnetization dynamics driven by spin-orbit torques
- Single-shot dynamics of spin-orbit torque and spin transfer torque switching in three-terminal magnetic tunnel junctions
- Tuning a binary ferromagnet into a multi-state synapse with spin-orbit torque induced plasticity
- Anti-damping spin transfer torque through epitaxial Nickel oxide
- Anomalous spin Hall magnetoresistance in Pt/Co bilayers
- Field-free spin-orbit torque switching in Co/Pt/Co multilayer with mixed magnetic anisotropies
- Determination of spin Hall angle in heavy metal/CoFeB-based heterostructures with interfacial spin-orbit fields
- Spin diffusion and torques in disordered antiferromagnets
- Negative tunneling magnetoresistance by canted magnetization in MgO/NiO tunnel barriers
- Temperature dependence of spin-orbit torques in W/CoFeB bilayers
- Temperature dependence of the spin Hall angle and switching current in the nc-W(O)/CoFeB/MgO system with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy
- Theoretical condition for switching the magnetization in a perpendicularly magnetized ferromagnet via the spin Hall effect