Constraints on Multicomponent Dark Energy from Cosmological Observations

Abstract

Dark energy (DE) plays an important role in the expansion history of our universe. But we only got limited knowledge about its nature and properties after decades of study.In most numerical researches, DE is usually considered as a dynamical whole. Actually, multicomponent DE models can also explain the accelerating expansion of our universe, which is accepted theoretically but lack of numerical researches. We try to study the multicomponent DE models from observation by constructing $w_n$CDM models. The total energy density of DE is separated into $n$ ($n=2,3,5$) parts equally and every part has a constant EOS $w_i$ ($i=1,\mathrm{2...}n$). We modify the Friedmann equation and the parameterized post-Friedmann description of DE, then put constraints on $w_i$s from Planck 2018 TT,TE,EE$+$lowE$+$lensing, BAO data and PANTHEON samples. The multicomponent DE models are favoured if any $w_n$CDM model is preferred by observational data and there is no overlap between the highest and lowest values of $w_i$s. We find the data combination supports the $w_n$CDM model when $n$ is small and the $w_2$CDM model is slightly preferred by $\Delta {\chi }_{\text{min}}^2=\Delta \text{AIC}=\Delta \text{BIC}=-2.48$ over the CPL model, but the largest value of $w_i$ overlaps the smallest one. With larger $n$, the maximum and minimum of $w_i$s do not overlap with each other, but ${\chi }_{\text{min}}^2$ and AIC also increase. In brief, we find no obvious evidence that DE is composed of different components.

7 pages, 3 figures

References in corpus (22)

• Five-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Interpretation
• Large Magellanic Cloud Cepheid Standards Provide a 1% Foundation for the Determination of the Hubble Constant and Stronger Evidence for Physics Beyond LambdaCDM
• The Clustering of the SDSS DR7 Main Galaxy Sample I: A 4 per cent Distance Measure at z=0.15
• Supernova Constraints and Systematic Uncertainties from the First 3 Years of the Supernova Legacy Survey
• TDCOSMO IV: Hierarchical time-delay cosmography -- joint inference of the Hubble constant and galaxy density profiles
• Hubble parameter measurement constraints on the redshift of the deceleration-acceleration transition, dynamical dark energy, and space curvature
• Crossing the Phantom Divide with Parameterized Post-Friedmann Dark Energy
• Measuring the Hubble constant with Type Ia supernovae as near-infrared standard candles
• A blinded determination of $H_0$ from low-redshift Type Ia supernovae, calibrated by Cepheid variables
• Parametrized Post-Friedmann Signatures of Acceleration in the CMB
• An independent determination of the local Hubble constant
• Cosmological constraints from HII starburst galaxy apparent magnitude and other cosmological measurements
• Holographic dark energy in a universe with spatial curvature and massive neutrinos: a full Markov Chain Monte Carlo exploration
• The LambdaCDM model on the lead -- a Bayesian cosmological models comparison
• Multi-field dark energy: cosmic acceleration on a steep potential
• Two Component Model of Dark Energy
• General formulation of cosmological perturbations in scalar-tensor dark energy coupled to dark matter
• Cosmological perturbations in the interacting dark sector: Mapping fields and fluids
• New cosmological constraints with extended-Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey DR14 quasar sample
• Properties and uncertainties of scalar field models of dark energy with barotropic equation of state
• How can we tell whether dark energy is composed by multiple fields?
• On cosmic acceleration in four dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity