The Consequences of Gamma-ray Burst Jet Opening Angle Evolution on the Inferred Star Formation Rate
arXiv:2006.00022 · doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2787
Abstract
Gamma-ray burst (GRB) data suggest that the jets from GRBs in the high redshift universe are more narrowly collimated than those at lower redshifts. This implies that we detect relatively fewer long GRB progenitor systems (i.e. massive stars) at high redshifts, because a greater fraction of GRBs have their jets pointed away from us. As a result, estimates of the star formation rate (from the GRB rate) at high redshifts may be diminished if this effect is not taken into account. In this paper, we estimate the star formation rate (SFR) using the observed GRB rate, accounting for an evolving jet opening angle. We find that the SFR in the early universe (z > 3) can be up to an order of magnitude higher than the canonical estimates, depending on the severity of beaming angle evolution and the fraction of stars that make long gamma-ray bursts. Additionally, we find an excess in the SFR at low redshifts, although this lessens when accounting for evolution of the beaming angle. Finally, under the assumption that GRBs do in fact trace canonical forms of the cosmic SFR, we constrain the resulting fraction of stars that must produce GRBs, again accounting for jet beaming-angle evolution. We find this assumption suggests a high fraction of stars in the early universe producing GRBs - a result that may, in fact, support our initial assertion that GRBs do not trace canonical estimates of the SFR.
Final version accepted to MNRAS
References in corpus (21)
- Cosmic Star Formation History
- The Supernova -- Gamma-Ray Burst Connection
- Detailed Shape and Evolutionary Behavior of the X-ray Luminosity Function of Active Galactic Nuclei
- Gamma-ray burst progenitors
- Ly-alpha and UV emission from high-redshift GRB hosts: To what extent do GRBs trace star formation?
- Cosmological Evolution of Long Gamma-ray Bursts and Star Formation Rate
- An unexpectedly low-redshift excess of Swift gamma-ray burst rate
- How common are long Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Local Universe?
- Binary population synthesis models for core-collapse gamma-ray burst progenitors
- Songlines from Direct Collapse Seed Black Holes: Effects of X-rays on Black Hole Growth and Stellar Populations
- The impact of X-rays on molecular cloud fragmentation and the IMF
- Revisiting the Redshift Distribution of Gamma Ray Bursts in the Swift Era
- Long gamma-ray burst rate at very high redshift
- Star-forming galaxies in SDSS: signs of metallicity evolution
- Gamma-ray Bursts and the Early Star-formation History
- One star, two stars, or both? Investigating metallicity-dependant models for Gamma-Ray Burst progenitors with the IllustrisTNG simulation
- Constraints on Gamma-ray Burst Inner Engines in a Blandford-Znajek Framework
- Resolving the Excess of Long GRBs at low redshift in the Swift Era
- Neutrinos from the cosmic noon: a probe of the cosmic star formation history
- Gamma-Ray Burst Host Galaxies: Specific Star Formation Rate vs. Metallicity
- Estimation of the Star Formation Rate using Long-Gamma Ray Burst observed by SWIFT