Bistability of Bose-Fermi mixtures

Abstract

We study the properties of the Bose-Fermi mixture from the perspective of reaching a state of a self-bound quantum droplet. The variational analysis shows that the system exhibits bistability. For weak repulsion between bosons, one of the equilibrium states, smaller in size, spherically symmetric, and with negative energy, corresponds to quantum droplet, the other with always positive energy represents the elongated droplet-like state immersed in the sea of a fermionic cloud. For stronger repulsion between bosons the bifurcation is seized and only the former state is left. Now it represents an elongated object which, for strong enough boson-fermion attraction, gets negative energy. It becomes an excited Bose-Fermi droplet when the trap is released, what is demonstrated by solving the quantum hydrodynamics equations for the Bose-Fermi system. To depict our ideas we consider the ${}^{133}$Cs-${}^6$Li mixture under ideal conditions, i.e. we assume no losses.

arXiv comment6 pages, 5 figures

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• Studying the radiation of a white dwarf star falling onto a black hole
• Competitive algorithms for calculating the ground state properties of Bose-Fermi mixtures