A tweezer clock with half-minute atomic coherence at optical frequencies and high relative stability

Abstract

The preparation of large, low-entropy, highly coherent ensembles of identical quantum systems is foundational for many studies in quantum metrology, simulation, and information. Here, we realize these features by leveraging the favorable properties of tweezer-trapped alkaline-earth atoms while introducing a new, hybrid approach to tailoring optical potentials that balances scalability, high-fidelity state preparation, site-resolved readout, and preservation of atomic coherence. With this approach, we achieve trapping and optical clock excited-state lifetimes exceeding $40$ seconds in ensembles of approximately $150$ atoms. This leads to half-minute-scale atomic coherence on an optical clock transition, corresponding to quality factors well in excess of $10^{16}$. These coherence times and atom numbers reduce the effect of quantum projection noise to a level that is on par with leading atomic systems, yielding a relative fractional frequency stability of $5.2(3)\times 10^{-17}(\tau /s{)}^{-1/2}$ for synchronous clock comparisons between sub-ensembles within the tweezer array. When further combined with the microscopic control and readout available in this system, these results pave the way towards long-lived engineered entanglement on an optical clock transition in tailored atom arrays.

arXiv comment11 pages, 5 figures (main text); 17 pages, 7 figures (supplemental materials)

References in corpus (42)

• Quantum Simulation
• Quantum information with Rydberg atoms
• Probing many-body dynamics on a 51-atom quantum simulator
• Quantum Spin Liquids
• Many-Body Physics with Individually-Controlled Rydberg Atoms
• Measurement-based quantum computation
• An Optical Lattice Clock with Accuracy and Stability at the $10^{-18}$ Level
• Frequency Comparison of Two High-Accuracy Al+ Optical Clocks
• An atom-by-atom assembler of defect-free arbitrary 2d atomic arrays
• An ${}^{27}$Al${}^{+}$ quantum-logic clock with systematic uncertainty below $10^{-18}$
• Generation and manipulation of Schrödinger cat states in Rydberg atom arrays
• Parallel implementation of high-fidelity multi-qubit gates with neutral atoms
• Experimental realization of a symmetry protected topological phase of interacting bosons with Rydberg atoms
• Optical clock intercomparison with $6\times 10^{-19}$ precision in one hour
• A Fermi-degenerate three-dimensional optical lattice clock
• High-Fidelity Entanglement and Detection of Alkaline-Earth Rydberg Atoms
• JILA SrI Optical Lattice Clock with Uncertainty of $2.0\times 10^{-18}$
• Entanglement-Enhanced Optical Atomic Clock
• Rydberg mediated entanglement in a two-dimensional neutral atom qubit array
• Magnetic field-induced spectroscopy of forbidden optical transitions with application to lattice-based optical atomic clocks
• Two Fermions in a double well: Exploring a fundamental building block of the Hubbard model
• Coherence and Raman sideband cooling of a single atom in an optical tweezer
• Hong-Ou-Mandel atom interferometry in tunnel-coupled optical tweezers
• Imaging optical frequencies with 100 $\mu$Hz precision and 1.1 $\mu$m resolution
• Seconds-scale coherence in a tweezer-array optical clock
• Narrow-line cooling and imaging of Ytterbium atoms in an optical tweezer array
• An omniscient Maxwell's demon
• Spin squeezing in a Rydberg lattice clock
• Variational spin-squeezing algorithms on programmable quantum sensors
• 2000-times repeated imaging of strontium atoms in clock-magic tweezer arrays
• Heisenberg-limited atom clocks based on entangled qubits
• Topological Characterization of Extended Quantum Ising Models
• Molecular assembly of ground state cooled single atoms
• Scattering of Cold Atom Coherences by Hot Atoms: Frequency Shifts from Background Gas Collisions
• Quantum coherence between two atoms beyond Q=10^15
• Lattice-induced photon scattering in an optical lattice clock
• Precision spectroscopy with two correlated atoms
• Engineering Quantum States of Matter for Atomic Clocks in Shallow Optical Lattices
• Probing ground-state phase transitions through quench dynamics
• Probing beyond the laser coherence time in optical clock comparisons
• Suppressing inhomogeneous broadening in a lutetium multi-ion optical clock
• Polarizabilities of the 87Sr Clock Transition

Cited by in corpus (14)

• Quantum Phases of Matter on a 256-Atom Programmable Quantum Simulator
• Resolving the gravitational redshift within a millimeter atomic sample
• High precision differential clock comparisons with a multiplexed optical lattice clock
• Realizing spin squeezing with Rydberg interactions in a programmable optical clock
• Visible light photonic integrated Brillouin laser
• Scalable spin squeezing in a dipolar Rydberg atom array
• A quantum network of entangled optical atomic clocks
• Multi-qubit gates and Schrödinger cat states in an optical clock
• Universal quantum operations and ancilla-based readout for tweezer clocks
• An atomic boson sampler
• D1 magic wavelength tweezers for scaling atom arrays
• Deterministic Fast Scrambling with Neutral Atom Arrays
• Dipole-dipole frequency shifts in multilevel atoms
• Impacts of random filling on spin squeezing via Rydberg dressing in optical clocks