Stability of the Einstein Static Universe in $4D$ Gauss-Bonnet Gravity

Abstract

By rescaling the Gauss-Bonnet (GB) coupling constant $\alpha \to \alpha /(D-4)$ and considering the $D\to 4$ limit, the GB gravity gives rise to nontrivial modification of general relativity in four dimensions. In this work, we investigate the realization of the emergent universe scenario in the $4D$ GB gravity. First, we obtain the Einstein static universe filled with a perfect fluid. Then, we show that both spatially closed and open universes can be stable against both homogeneous and inhomogeneous scalar perturbations simultaneously.

arXiv comment16 pages, latex, references added

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