Observation of two PT transitions in an electric circuit with balanced gain and loss

Abstract

We investigate PT -symmetry breaking transitions in a dimer comprising two LC oscillators, one with loss and the second with gain. The electric energy of this four-mode model oscillates between the two LC circuits, and between capacitive and inductive energy within each LC circuit. Its dynamics are described by a non-Hermitian, PT -symmetric Hamiltonian with three different phases separated by two exceptional points. We systematically measure the eigenfrequencies of energy dynamics across the three regions as a function of gain-loss strength. In addition to observe the well-studied PT transition for oscillations across the two LC circuits, at higher gain-loss strength, transition within each LC circuit is also observed. With their extraordinary tuning ability, PT -symmetric electronics are ideally suited for classical simulations of non-Hermitian systems

References in corpus (4)

• Making Sense of Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians
• Observation of parity-time symmetry breaking in a single spin system
• Experimental observation of the dual behavior of $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetric scattering
• Bypassing the bandwidth theorem with PT symmetry

Cited by in corpus (7)

• Activating non-Hermitian skin modes by parity-time symmetry breaking
• Maximal quantum entanglement at exceptional points via unitary and thermal dynamics
• On-demand Parity-Time symmetry in a lone oscillator through complex, synthetic gauge fields
• Non-Hermiticity in quantum nonlinear optics through symplectic transformations
• Transfer learning from Hermitian to non-Hermitian quantum many-body physics
• Stability of time-periodic $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$ and anti-$\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetric Hamiltonians with different periodicities
• PT-symmetry enabled stable modes in multi-core fiber