Effective electron temperature measurement using time-resolved anti-Stokes photoluminescence

Abstract

Anti-Stokes photoluminescence of metal nanoparticles, in which emitted photons have a higher energy than the incident photons, is an indicator of the temperature prevalent within a nanoparticle. Previous work has shown how to extract the temperature from a gold nanoparticle under continuous-wave monochromatic illumination. We extend the technique to pulsed illumination and introduce pump-probe anti-Stokes spectroscopy. This new technique enables us not only to measure an effective electron temperature in a gold nanoparticle ($\sim 10^3$ K under our conditions), but also to measure ultrafast dynamics of a pulse-excited electron population, through its effect on the photoluminescence, with sub-picosecond time resolution. We measure the heating and cooling, all within picoseconds, of the electrons and find that, with our sub-picosecond pulses, the highest apparent temperature is reached $0.6$ ps before the maximum change in magnitude of the extinction signal

arXiv comment10 pages, 6 figures

References in corpus (7)

• Temperature-dependent optical properties of gold thin films
• Tracking ultrafast hot-electron diffusion in space and time by ultrafast thermo-modulation microscopy
• Ab initio phonon coupling and optical response of hot electrons in plasmonic metals
• Experimental and ab initio ultrafast carrier dynamics in plasmonic nanoparticles
• Temperature-dependent permittivity of annealed and unannealed gold films
• Size-Dependence of the photothermal response of a single metal nanosphere
• Metal nanospheres under intense continuous wave illumination - a unique case of non-perturbative nonlinear nanophotonics

Cited by in corpus (8)

• Recent developments in plasmon-assisted photocatalysis -- a personal perspective
• Quantum-mechanical effects in photoluminescence from thin crystalline gold films
• Nonlinear photoluminescence in gold thin films
• Excitation and Relaxation of Nonthermal Electron Energy Distributions in Metals with Application to Gold
• Imaging heat transport in suspended diamond nanostructures with integrated spin defect thermometers
• Ultrafast Electron Temperature Dynamics in Spintronic Terahertz Emitters Studied by Optical-Pump Terahertz-Probe Spectroscopy
• Ultrafast relaxation dynamics of excited carriers in metals: Simplifying the intertwined dependencies upon scattering strengths, phonon temperature, photon energy, and excitation level
• In Situ Photothermal Response of Single Gold Nanoparticles Through Hyperspectral Imaging AntiStokes Thermometry