Subhalo sinking and off-center massive black holes in dwarf galaxies

Abstract

Using fully GPU $N$-body simulations, we demonstrate for the first time that subhalos sink and transfer energy via dynamical friction into the centres of dwarf galaxies. This dynamical heating kicks any central massive black hole (MBH) out to tens of parsecs, especially at early epochs ($z$=1.5-3). This mechanism helps explain the observed off-center BHs in dwarf galaxies and also predicts that off-center BHs are more common in higher mass dwarf galaxies since dynamical friction becomes significantly weaker and BHs take more time to sink back towards the centres of their host galaxies. One consequence of off-center BHs during early epochs of dwarf galaxies is to quench any BH feedback.

arXiv comment5 pages, 5 figures. Version to appear in MNRAS Letters

References in corpus (56)

• A Universal Density Profile from Hierarchical Clustering
• The Structure of Cold Dark Matter Halos
• A Fundamental Relation Between Supermassive Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies
• A Relationship Between Nuclear Black Hole Mass and Galaxy Velocity Dispersion
• The Aquarius Project: the subhalos of galactic halos
• The Structure of Dark Matter Haloes in Dwarf Galaxies
• The Assembly and Merging History of Supermassive Black Holes in Hierarchical Models of Galaxy Formation
• Cold dark matter haloes in the Planck era: evolution of structural parameters for Einasto and NFW profiles
• Clumps and streams in the local dark matter distribution
• The Diversity and Similarity of Simulated Cold Dark Matter Halos
• How supernova feedback turns dark matter cusps into cores
• Observational and Theoretical Constraints on Singular Dark Matter Halos
• First stars, very massive black holes and metals
• Intermediate-Mass Black Holes
• Cusp-core transformations in dwarf galaxies: observational predictions
• High-resolution mass models of dwarf galaxies from LITTLE THINGS
• Dark Halos: The Flattening of the Density Cusp by Dynamical Friction
• Massive Black Hole Binary Evolution
• Star formation in a galactic outflow
• Dark matter heats up in dwarf galaxies
• A New Sample of (Wandering) Massive Black Holes in Dwarf Galaxies from High Resolution Radio Observations
• On the Orbits of Infalling Satellite Halos
• Multimessenger Signatures of Massive Black Holes in Dwarf Galaxies
• Density profile of dark matter haloes and galaxies in the Horizon-AGN simulation: the impact of AGN feedback
• Observable Signatures of a Black Hole Ejected by Gravitational Radiation Recoil in a Galaxy Merger
• Core creation in galaxies and haloes via sinking massive objects
• Cusp-core transformations induced by AGN feedback in the progenitors of cluster galaxies
• The erratic dynamical life of black hole seeds in high-redshift galaxies
• Dynamical evolution of intermediate mass black holes and their observable signatures in the nearby Universe
• Merger Rates of Dark-Matter Haloes
• Wandering Black Holes in Bright Disk Galaxy Halos
• Feedback by Massive Black Holes in Dwarf Galaxies
• Widespread star formation inside galactic outflows
• Recoiling black holes: electromagnetic signatures, candidates, and astrophysical implications
• The Growth of Black Holes from Population III Remnants in the Renaissance Simulations
• Wandering Supermassive Black Holes in Milky Way Mass Halos
• Evidence of a population of dark subhalos from Gaia and Pan-STARRS observations of the GD-1 stream
• Dynamical Constraints on The Masses of the Nuclear Star Cluster and Black Hole in the Late-Type Spiral Galaxy NGC 3621
• Offset Active Galactic Nuclei as Tracers of Galaxy Mergers and Supermassive Black Hole Growth
• Recovering cores and cusps in dark matter haloes using mock velocity field observations
• Binary black hole merger gravitational waves and recoil in the large mass ratio limit
• No Assembly Required: Mergers are Mostly Irrelevant for the Growth of Low-mass Dwarf Galaxies
• Varstrometry for Off-nucleus and Dual sub-Kpc AGN (VODKA): How Well-centered Are Low-z AGN?
• The fate of central black holes in merging galaxies
• Properties of ionized outflows in MaNGA DR2 galaxies
• Massive black hole remnants of the first stars I: abundance in present-day galactic haloes
• Star Formation in Isolated Dwarf Galaxies Hosting Tidal Debris: Extending the Dwarf-Dwarf Merger Sequence
• The core-cusp problem in cold dark matter halos and supernova feedback: Effects of Mass Loss
• A Population of Relic Intermediate-Mass Black Holes in the Halo of the Milky Way
• MAGI: many-component galaxy initialiser
• Growing Massive Black Holes in a Local Group Environment: the Central Supermassive, Slowly Sinking, and Ejected Populations
• Stars made in outflows may populate the stellar halo of the Milky Way
• An off-centered active galactic nucleus in NGC 3115
• GOTHIC: Gravitational oct-tree code accelerated by hierarchical time step controlling
• Dark matter in disk galaxies I: a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method and application to DDO 154
• The off-centered Seyfert-like compact emission in the nuclear region of NGC 3621

Cited by in corpus (16)

• Seeds Don't Sink: Even Massive Black Hole "Seeds" Cannot Migrate to Galaxy Centers Efficiently
• The Origins of Off-Centre Massive Black Holes in Dwarf Galaxies
• The importance of black hole repositioning for galaxy formation simulations
• Stellar feedback-regulated black hole growth: driving factors from nuclear to halo scales
• Population statistics of intermediate mass black holes in dwarf galaxies using the NewHorizon simulation
• Observability of Low-Luminosity AGN in the Early Universe with JWST
• A New Discrete Dynamical Friction Estimator Based on $N$-body Simulations
• Constraints on galileons from the positions of supermassive black holes
• The cusp-core problem in gas-poor dwarf spheroidal galaxies
• Ejection of supermassive black holes and implications for merger rates in fuzzy dark matter haloes
• Spatially offset black holes in the Horizon-AGN simulation and comparison to observations
• Potential Black Hole Seeding of the Spiral Galaxy NGC 4424 via an Infalling Star Cluster
• Properties of globular clusters formed in dark matter mini-halos
• Rhapsody-C simulations -- Anisotropic thermal conduction, black hole physics, and the robustness of massive galaxy cluster scaling relations
• Off-centre supermassive black holes in bright central galaxies
• The origin of the black hole offset in M31