Exceeding the Landau superflow speed limit with topological Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces

Abstract

A common property of topological systems is the appearance of topologically protected zero-energy excitations. In a superconductor or superfluid such states set the critical velocity of dissipationless flow $v_{\mathrm{cL}}$, proposed by Landau, to zero. We check experimentally whether stable superflow is nevertheless possible in the polar phase of p-wave superfluid ${}^3$He, which features a Dirac node line in the energy spectrum of Bogoliubov quasiparticles. The fluid is driven by rotation of the whole cryostat, and superflow breakdown is seen as the appearance of single- or half-quantum vortices. Vortices are detected using the relaxation rate of a Bose-Einstein condensate of magnons, created within the fluid. The superflow in the polar phase is found to be stable up to a finite critical velocity $v_{\mathrm{c}}\approx 0.2$cm/s, despite the zero value of the Landau critical velocity. We suggest that the stability of the superflow above $v_{\mathrm{cL}}$ but below $v_{\mathrm{c}}$ is provided by the accumulation of the flow-induced quasiparticles into pockets in the momentum space, bounded by Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces. In the polar phase this surface has non-trivial topology which includes two pseudo-Weyl points. Vortices forming above the critical velocity are strongly pinned in the confining matrix, used to stabilize the polar phase, and hence stable macroscopic superflow can be maintained even when the external drive is brought to zero.

arXiv comment8 pages, 6 figures, version accepted to Phys. Rev. Research

References in corpus (44)

• Superconducting phases of f-electron compounds
• Interior Gap Superfluidity
• Unconventional Superconductivity
• Homogeneous Atomic Fermi Gases
• Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces in superconductors with broken time-reversal symmetry
• The Nonlinear Meissner Effect in Unconventional Superconductors
• Dendritic magnetic instability in superconducting MgB2 films
• Black hole and Hawking radiation by type-II Weyl fermions
• Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces: General theory, magnetic order, and topology
• Observation of half-quantum vortices in topological superfluid 3He
• Topological Lifshitz transitions
• Polar phase of superfluid 3He in anisotropic aerogel
• Nexus and Dirac lines in topological materials
• Pairing States of Superfluid 3He in Uniaxially Anisotropic Aerogel
• Critical Velocity of Vortex Nucleation in Rotating Superfluid 3He-A
• Skyrme insulators: insulators at the brink of superconductivity
• Band-Contact Lines in Electron Energy Spectrum of Graphite
• Direct Observation and Anisotropy of the Contribution of Gap nodes in the Low Temperature Specific Heat of YBa_2Cu_3O_7
• Zeeman-Induced Gapless Superconductivity with Partial Fermi Surface
• Dendritic flux penetration in Pb films with a periodic array of antidots
• Topological Ultranodal pair states in iron-based superconductors
• Evidence for a Spatially-Modulated Superfluid Phase of ${}^3$He under Confinement
• Stabilized Pair Density Wave via Nanoscale Confinement of Superfluid ${}^3$He
• Classification of topological crystalline superconducting nodes on high-symmetry lines: Point nodes, line nodes, and Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces
• Disorder-induced exceptional points and nodal lines in Dirac superconductors
• Light Higgs channel of the resonant decay of magnon condensate in superfluid ${}^3$He-B
• Curved spacetime theory of inhomogeneous Weyl materials
• Influence of Magnetic Scattering on Superfluidity of 3He in Nematic Aerogel
• Analog of Anderson theorem for the polar phase of liquid 3He in nematic aerogel
• Breaking the superfluid speed limit
• The Superfluid Glass Phase of 3He-A
• Bose-Einstein condensation of magnons and spin superfluidity in the polar phase of ${}^3$He
• Dirac points of electron energy spectrum, band-contact lines, and electron topological transitions of 3 1/2 kind in three-dimensional metals
• Microkelvin thermometry with Bose-Einstein condensates of magnons and applications to studies of the AB interface in superfluid ${}^3$He
• Energy and angular momentum balance in wall-bounded superfluid turbulence
• Magnonic Analogue of Black/White Hole Horizon in Superfluid ${}^3$He-B
• Stability of Half-Quantum Vortices in Equal-Spin Pairing States of ${}^3$He
• Models for supercritical motion in a superfluid Fermi liquid
• Impact of Strong Anisotropy on Phase Diagram of Superfluid ${}^3$He in Aerogels
• Spin wave radiation from vortices in ${}^3$He-B
• Coexistence of Single and Double-Quantum Vortex Lines
• Spin vortex lattice in the Landau vortex-free state of rotating superfluids
• Collective excitation and stability of flow-induced gapless Fermi superfluids
• Helical spin texture in a thin film of superfluid ${}^3$He

Cited by in corpus (31)

• Bogoliubov Fermi Surfaces in Spin-1/2 Systems: Model Hamiltonians and Experimental Consequences
• Rotating quantum wave turbulence
• Suppressing the Kibble-Zurek mechanism by a symmetry-violating bias
• Symmetry, nodal structure, and Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces for nonlocal pairing
• Type-II Weyl semimetal vs gravastar
• Piezoelectric effect and diode effect in anapole and monopole superconductors
• Negative Barnett effect, negative moment of inertia of gluon plasma and thermal evaporation of chromomagnetic condensate
• Thermodynamic origin of the Landau instability of superfluids
• ${}^3$He Universe 2020
• Odd-frequency pairing inherent in Bogoliubov Fermi liquid
• Oscillating nematic aerogel in superfluid 3He
• Magnon Bose-Einstein condensates: from time crystals and quantum chromodynamics to vortex sensing and cosmology
• Topological nodal line in superfluid ${}^3$He and the Anderson theorem
• Non-vanishing normal density in cold holographic superfluids
• Combined Lorentz symmetry: lessons from superfluid 3He
• Identifying Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces via thermoelectric response in a $d$-wave superconductor heterostructure
• Vortices in polar and $\beta$ phases of ${}^3$He
• Vortex-bound solitons in topological superfluid ${}^3$He
• Transport of bound quasiparticle states in a two-dimensional boundary superfluid
• Surface State Dissipation in Confined 3He-A
• Impurity effect on Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces: Analysis based on iron-based superconductors
• Deconfinement of Majorana vortex modes produces a superconducting Landau level
• Supercurrent-Induced Weyl Superconductivity
• Coexistence of Chiral Majorana Edge States and Bogoliubov Fermi Surfaces in Two-Dimensional Nonsymmorphic Dirac Semimetal/Superconductor Heterostructures
• Kerr effect in tilted nodal loop semimetals
• Vortex-mediated relaxation of magnon BEC into light Higgs quasiparticles
• Spin fluctuations in the ultranodal superconducting state of Fe(Se,S)
• Effect of Dipole Energy on Half-Quantum Vortex in Superfluid Polar Phase
• Odd-frequency pairing of Bogoliubov quasiparticles in superconductor junction
• Evolution and Instability of Bogoliubov Fermi Surfaces under Zeeman Field
• Novel dynamical excitations and roton-based measurement of Cooper-pair momentum in a two-dimensional Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov superfluid on optical lattices