Chemotaxis in uncertain environments: hedging bets with multiple receptor types

Abstract

Eukaryotic cells are able to sense chemical gradients in a wide range of environments. We show that, if a cell is exposed to a highly variable environment, it may gain chemotactic accuracy by expressing multiple receptor types with varying affinities for the same signal, as found commonly in chemotaxing cells like Dictyostelium. As environment uncertainty is increased, there is a transition between cells preferring a single receptor type and a mixture of types - hedging their bets against the possibility of an unfavorable environment. We predict the optimal receptor affinities given a particular environment. In chemotaxing, cells may also integrate their measurement over time. Surprisingly, time-integration with multiple receptor types is qualitatively different from gradient sensing by a single type -- cells may extract orders of magnitude more chemotactic information than expected by naive time integration. Our results show when cells should express multiple receptor types to chemotax, and how cells can efficiently interpret the data from these receptors.

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Cited by in corpus (6)

• Physical limits to membrane curvature sensing by a single protein
• Tradeoffs in concentration sensing in dynamic environments
• Local Clustering and Global Spreading of Receptors for Optimal Spatial Gradient Sensing
• Limits on the accuracy of contact inhibition of locomotion
• Cell shape and orientation control galvanotactic accuracy
• Perfect adaptation in eukaryotic gradient sensing using cooperative allosteric binding