Orientational order parameters for arbitrary quantum systems

Abstract

The concept of quantum-mechanical nematic order, which is important in systems such as superconductors, is based on an analogy to classical liquid crystals, where order parameters are obtained through orientational expansions. We generalize this method to quantum mechanics based on an expansion of Wigner functions. This provides a unified framework applicable to arbitrary quantum systems. The formalism is demonstrated for the cases of Fermi liquids and spin systems. Moreover, we derive new order parameters for molecular systems, which cannot be properly described with the usual nematic tensors.

arXiv comment8 pages

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Cited by in corpus (9)

• Classical dynamical density functional theory: from fundamentals to applications
• From a microscopic inertial active matter model to the Schrödinger equation
• Jerky active matter: a phase field crystal model with translational and orientational memory
• Perspective: New directions in dynamical density functional theory
• Relations between angular and Cartesian orientational expansions
• Derivation and analysis of a phase field crystal model for a mixture of active and passive particles
• Biaxial nematic order in fundamental measure theory
• Master equations for Wigner functions with spontaneous collapse and their relation to thermodynamic irreversibility
• Topological fine structure of smectic grain boundaries and tetratic disclination lines within three-dimensional smectic liquid crystals