Angular momentum in rotating superfluid droplets
arXiv:1910.12926 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.215301
Abstract
The angular momentum of rotating superfluid droplets originates from quantized vortices and capillary waves, the interplay between which remains to be uncovered. Here, the rotation of isolated sub-micrometer superfluid 4He droplets is studied by ultrafast x-ray diffraction using a free electron laser. The diffraction patterns provide simultaneous access to the morphology of the droplets and the vortex arrays they host. In capsule-shaped droplets, vortices form a distorted triangular lattice, whereas they arrange along elliptical contours in ellipsoidal droplets. The combined action of vortices and capillary waves results in droplet shapes close to those of classical droplets rotating with the same angular velocity. The findings are corroborated by density functional theory calculations describing the velocity fields and shape deformations of a rotating superfluid cylinder.
submitted to Physical Review Letters
References in corpus (15)
- Quantum liquid droplets in a mixture of Bose-Einstein condensates
- Observing the Rosensweig instability of a quantum ferrofluid
- Density Functional Theory of doped superfluid liquid helium and nanodroplets
- Coherent diffractive imaging of single helium nanodroplets with a high harmonic generation source
- Controlling a quantum gas of polar molecules in an optical lattice
- Three-Dimensional Shapes of Spinning Helium Nanodroplets
- Pinning of quantized vortices in helium drop by dopant atoms and molecules
- Vortex lattice of a Bose-Einstein Condensate in a rotating anisotropic trap
- Cavity Optomechanics in a Levitated Helium Drop
- Two-dimensional Bose gas under extreme rotation
- Spinning superfluid helium-4 nanodroplets
- Vortex arrays in nanoscopic superfluid helium droplets
- Vortices in a rotating BEC under extreme elongation
- Vortex arrays in a rotating superfluid He-4 nanocylinder
- Structural change of vortex patterns in anisotropic Bose-Einstein condensates
Cited by in corpus (13)
- Shapes of rotating normal fluid 3He versus superfluid 4He droplets in molecular beams
- Vortices in quantum droplets of heteronuclear Bose mixtures
- Towards a QMC-based density functional including finite-range effects: excitation modes of a K quantum droplet
- Coexistence of vortex arrays and surface capillary waves in spinning prolate superfluid He-4 nanodroplets
- Diffraction imaging of light induced dynamics in xenon-doped helium nanodroplets
- Rotating He-3 droplets
- Theoretical framework bridging classical and quantum mechanics for the dynamics of cryogenic liquid helium-4 using smoothed-particle hydrodynamics
- Rotating mixed He-He nanodroplets
- Nanoscopic jets and filaments of superfluid He-4 at zero temperature: a DFT study
- Ground-state properties of dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates with spin-orbit coupling and quantum fluctuations
- Rotation quenches in trapped bosonic systems
- Ab-initio Quantum Monte Carlo study of ultracold atomic mixtures
- Merging of superfluid Helium nanodroplets with vortices