The role of C/O in nitrile astrochemistry in PDRs and planet-forming disks
arXiv:1910.01554 · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab4ad9
Abstract
Complex nitriles, such as HC3N, and CH3CN, are observed in a wide variety of astrophysical environments, including at relatively high abundances in photon-dominated regions (PDR) and the UV exposed atmospheres of planet-forming disks. The latter have been inferred to be oxygen-poor, suggesting that these observations may be explained by organic chemistry in C-rich environments. In this study we first explore if the PDR complex nitrile observations can be explained by gas-phase PDR chemistry alone if the elemental C/O ratio is elevated. In the case of the Horsehead PDR, we find that gas-phase chemistry with C/O 0.9 can indeed explain the observed nitrile abundances, increasing predicted abundances by several orders of magnitude compared to standard C/O assumptions. We also find that the nitrile abundances are sensitive to the cosmic ray ionization treatment, and provide constraints on the branching ratios between CH3CN and CH3NC productions. In a fiducial disk model, an elevated C/O ratio increases the CH3CN and HC3N productions by more than an order of magnitude, bringing abundance predictions within an order of magnitude to what has been inferred from observations. The C/O ratio appears to be a key variable in predicting and interpreting complex organic molecule abundances in photon-dominated regions across a range of scales.
15 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
References in corpus (27)
- The NumPy array: a structure for efficient numerical computation
- A Unified Representation of Gas-Phase Element Depletions in the Interstellar Medium
- Herschel Survey of Galactic OH+, H2O+, and H3O+: Probing the Molecular Hydrogen Fraction and Cosmic-Ray Ionization Rate
- The cometary composition of a protoplanetary disk as revealed by complex cyanides
- A cosmic abundance standard: chemical homogeneity of the solar neighbourhood and the ISM dust-phase composition
- Constraining the X-ray and Cosmic Ray Ionization Chemistry of the TW Hya Protoplanetary Disk: Evidence for a Sub-interstellar Cosmic Ray Rate
- Hydrocarbon emission rings in protoplanetary disks induced by dust evolution
- The effect of uncertainties on chemical models of dark clouds
- Low sulfur depletion in the Horsehead PDR
- The interstellar gas-phase chemistry of HCN and HNC
- The chemistry and spatial distribution of small hydrocarbons in UV-irradiated molecular clouds: the Orion Bar PDR
- Sulfur chemistry in protoplanetary disks: CS and H2CS
- A survey of C2H, HCN, and C18O in protoplanetary disks
- Cold CO in circumstellar disks: On the effects of photodesorption and vertical mixing
- The interstellar chemistry of C3H and C3H2 isomers
- Chemistry in Protoplanetary Disks: A Sensitivity Analysis
- Spatially resolved l-c3h+ emission in the horsehead photodissociation region: Further evidence for a top-down hydrocarbon chemistry
- HCO mapping of the Horsehead : Tracing the illuminated dense molecular cloud surfaces
- Laboratory Characterization and Astrophysical Detection of Vibrationally Excited States of Vinyl Cyanide in Orion-KL
- Sensitivity analyses of dense cloud chemical models
- A Ring of C2H in the Molecular Disk Orbiting TW Hya
- X-ray radiative transfer in protoplanetary disks - The role of dust and X-ray background fields
- A new study of the chemical structure of the Horsehead nebula: the influence of grain-surface chemistry
- Nitrile versus isonitrile adsorption at interstellar grains surfaces: I - Hydroxylated surfaces
- Importance of the H2 abundance in protoplanetary disk ices for the molecular layer chemical composition
- Protoplanetary disks: Sensitivity of the chemical composition to various model parameters
- Nitrile versus isonitrile adsorption at interstellar grain surfaces II. Carbonaceous aromatic surfaces
Cited by in corpus (6)
- CO Depletion in Protoplanetary Disks: A Unified Picture Combining Physical Sequestration and Chemical Processing
- Space and laboratory observation of the deuterated cyanomethyl radical HDCCN
- Destruction of refractory carbon grains drives the final stage of proto-planetary disk chemistry
- Measuring elemental abundance ratios in protoplanetary disks at millimeter wavelengths
- A 3mm chemical exploration of small organics in Class I YSOs
- HS observations in young stellar disks in Taurus