GIARPS High-resolution Observations of T Tauri stars (GHOsT). I. Jet line emission

Abstract

The mechanism for jet formation in the disks of T Tauri stars is poorly understood. Observational benchmarks to launching models can be provided by tracing the physical properties of the kinematic components of the wind and jet in the inner 100 au of the disk surface. In the framework of the GHOsT (GIARPS High-resolution Observations of T Tauri stars) project, we aim to perform a multi-line analysis of the velocity components of the gas in the jet acceleration zone. We analyzed the GIARPS-TNG spectra of six objects in the Taurus-Auriga complex (RY Tau, DG Tau, DL Tau, HN Tau, DO Tau, RW Aur A). Thanks to the combined high-spectral resolution (R=50000-115000) and wide spectral coverage (~400-2400 nm) we observed several O, S+, N, N+, and Fe+ forbidden lines spanning a large range of excitation and ionization conditions. In four objects (DG Tau, HN Tau, DO Tau, RW Aur A), temperature (T_e), electron and total density (n_e, n_H), and fractional ionization (x_e) were derived as a function of velocity through an excitation and ionization model. The abundance of gaseous iron, X(Fe), a probe of the dust content in the jet, was derived in selected velocity channels. The physical parameters vary smoothly with velocity, suggesting a common origin for the different kinematic components. In DG Tau and HN Tau, T_e, x_e, and X(Fe) increase with velocity (roughly from 6000 K, 0.05, 10% X(Fe)_sun to 15000 K, 0.6, 90% X(Fe)_sun). This trend is in agreement with disk-wind models in which the jet is launched from regions of the disk at different radii. In DO Tau and RW Aur A, we infer x_e < 0.1, n_H ~10^6-7 cm^-3, and X(Fe) <~ X(Fe)_sun at all velocities. These findings are tentatively explained by the formation of these jets from dense regions inside the inner, gaseous disk, or as a consequence of their high degree of collimation.

arXiv commentAccepted by A&A

References in corpus (50)

• Gaia Data Release 2. Summary of the contents and survey properties
• Molecfit: A general tool for telluric absorption correction. I. Method and application to ESO instruments
• The CORALIE survey for southern extra-solar planets VII. Two short-period Saturnian companions to HD108147 and HD168746
• Gaps and Rings in an ALMA Survey of Disks in the Taurus Star-forming Region
• An Optical Spectroscopic Study of T Tauri Stars. I. Photospheric Properties
• Which jet launching mechanism(s) in TTauri stars?
• Compact Disks in a High Resolution ALMA Survey of Dust Structures in the Taurus Molecular Cloud
• Launching of Conical Winds and Axial Jets from the Disk-Magnetosphere Boundary: Axisymmetric and 3D Simulations
• HST/STIS spectroscopy of the optical outflow from DG Tau: structure and kinematics on sub-arcsecond scales
• Further Indications of Jet Rotation in New Ultraviolet and Optical HST/STIS Spectra
• Line Emission from Gas in Optically Thick Dust Disks around Young Stars
• HST/STIS Observations of the Bipolar Jet from RW Aurigae: Tracing Outflow Asymmetries Close to the Source
• c2d Spitzer IRS Spectra of Disks around T Tauri Stars. III. [Ne II], [Fe I], and H_2 gas-phase lines
• A combined optical/infrared spectral diagnostic analysis of the HH1 jet
• Tracing Slow Winds from T Tauri Stars via Low Velocity Forbidden Line Emission
• Recipes for stellar jets: results of combined optical/infrared diagnostics
• Kinematic links and the co-evolution of MHD winds, jets, and inner disks from a high-resolution optical [OI] survey
• A New Look at T Tauri Star Forbidden Lines: MHD Driven Winds from the Inner Disk
• Understanding the origin of the [OI] low-velocity component from T Tauri stars
• Jet rotation: launching region, angular momentum balance and magnetic properties in the bipolar outflow from RW Aur
• Ionization Structure and Spectra of Iron in Gaseous Nebulae}
• Collimation, Proper Motions, and Physical Conditions in the HH 30 Jet From HST Slitless Spectroscopy
• ALMA observations of polarized emission toward the CW Tau and DG Tau protoplanetary disks: constraints on dust grain growth and settling
• Connection between jets, winds and accretion in T Tauri stars: the X-shooter view
• T Tauri Jet Physics Resolved Near The Launching Region with the Hubble Space Telescope
• X-Shooter spectroscopy of young stellar objects: V - Slow winds in T Tauri stars
• Depletion patterns and dust evolution in the ISM
• Probing stellar accretion with mid-infrared hydrogen lines
• NICS-TNG infrared spectroscopy of NGC1068: the first extragalactic measurement of [PII] and a new tool to constrain the origin of [FeII] line emission in galaxies
• Blueshifted [OI] lines from protoplanetary discs: the smoking gun of X-ray photoevaporation
• The First X-shooter Observations of Jets from Young Stars
• HST/STIS observations of the RW Aurigae bipolar jet: mapping the physical parameters close to the source
• Wind-driving protostellar accretion discs. I. Formulation and parameter constraints
• IR diagnostics of embedded jets: velocity resolved observations of the HH34 and HH1 jets
• Atomic jets from class 0 sources detected by Spitzer: the case of L1448-C
• Violent environment of the inner disk of RW Aur A probed by the 2010 and 2015 dimming events
• Physical properties of the jet from DG Tauri on sub-arcsecond scales with HST/STIS
• The diagnostic potential of Fe lines applied to protostellar jets
• Multi-band high resolution spectroscopy rules out the hot Jupiter BD+20 1790b - First data from the GIARPS Commissioning
• A Search for Consistent Jet and Disk Rotation Signatures in RY Tau
• Jet rotation investigated in the near-ultraviolet with HST/STIS
• Physical Structure and Dust Reprocessing in a sample of HH Jets
• Grain Survival in Supernova Remnants and Herbig-Haro Objects
• Near-infrared, IFU spectroscopy unravels the bow-shock HH99B
• Time Variability of Emission Lines for Four Active T Tauri Stars (I): October--December in 2010
• Exploring the dimming event of RW Aur A through multi-epoch VLT/X-Shooter spectroscopy
• Resolving the Inner Arcsecond of the RY Tau Jet With HST
• The small-scale HH34 IRS jet as seen by X-shooter
• High-resolution TNG spectra of T Tauri stars: Near-IR GIANO observations of the young variables XZ Tau and DR Tau
• High-Resolution Spectroscopy of Winds Associated with T Tauri Stars

Cited by in corpus (14)

• PENELLOPE: the ESO data legacy program to complement the Hubble UV Legacy Library of Young Stars (ULLYSES) I. Survey presentation and accretion properties of Orion OB1 and $\sigma$-Orionis
• GIARPS High-resolution Observations of T Tauri stars (GHOsT). IV. Accretion properties of the Taurus-Auriga young association
• GIARPS High-resolution Observations of T Tauri stars (GHOsT). II. Connecting atomic and molecular winds in protoplanetary disks
• GIARPS High-resolution Observations of T Tauri stars (GHOsT). III. A pilot study of stellar and accretion properties
• The GALAH Survey and Symbiotic Stars. I. Discovery and follow-up of 33 candidate accreting-only systems
• Launching the asymmetric bipolar jet of DO Tau
• EXORCISM: a spectroscopic survey of young eruptive variables (EXor and candidates)
• PENELLOPE IV. A comparison between optical forbidden lines and ${\mathrm{H}}_2$ UV lines in the Orion OB1b and $\sigma$-Ori associations
• Accretion and extinction variations in the low-mass pre-main sequence binary system WX Cha
• Spatially resolved velocity structure in jets of DF Tau and UY Aur A
• Investigating the asymmetry of young stellar outflows: Combined MUSE-X-shooter study of the Th 28 jet
• Accretion and Outflows in Young Stars with CUBES
• Revisiting the BE99 method for the study of outflowing gas in protostellar jets
• Variability of the DG Tau Forbidden Emission Line Low Velocity Component